Age features of children 2-3 years old - age features of children in 2-3 years

Having learned to walk( about the age of one year) by the second day of its birth, the crumb has time to significantly expand the "horizons" of its own small world, so carefully guarded for it by the parents. At the same time, understanding the baby, as well as directing his truly inexhaustible energy in the right direction is very difficult. What are the age specific features of children 2-3 years should be considered, developing and educating their child?

Territory

In two years the child already understands the speech well, and he himself tries to express his thoughts more clearly. In a three-year-old, the language skills are improved so much that two-way verbal communication will turn into a full-fledged conversation. For him, this is an original achievement, putting on one "step" with adults. In addition, he already had time to examine the house or apartment in which he lives with his parents. Now this is his territory, on which he considers himself the master. Kroha also understood the balance of power in the family. All this knowledge he tries to apply "in practice," exposing his mother, father, and all other relatives, certain requirements in accordance with their desires. Sometimes his behavior becomes similar to the manifestation of the dictator's sole authority, especially when he insistently declares: "My mother!"( That is, not yours, dear brothers and sisters).

Change and order

Children at this age are still struggling with sudden changes in everything that surrounds them. They are so absorbed in their( very important) affairs that they do not want to, and still do not know how, to "sacrifice" them to please yours. That is why in such situations, when you have to "tear off" the child from the occupation, which he is currently passionate about, try to do it gradually, notifying in advance the forthcoming change. For example, if the crumb played at a visit to the grandmother, do not try to stop the game abruptly and go home. Approximately half an hour before leaving, call the crumb to yourself and explain that you will soon have to leave, but while he can still play a little.

The world of children of two or three years "keeps" on a certain order of actions( waking up in the morning, walking, lunch, etc.).The basis of this ordering is the work of the child's brain, accumulating from the moment of birth a whole "collection" of associative models. They help the baby to orient in the surrounding world. If the situation does not fit the habitual model, the child can "rebel", demanding a return to the usual course for him( in fact, in a new situation, he literally panics because he does not know what he needs to do).

Taking as a basis this knowledge, it is possible to easily accustom the crumb to establish order( for example, to remove the scattered toys).The only condition - this rule should apply to all family members, and the order should accompany any actions. Otherwise, the scattered things of other people living in the house can cause the baby to have an uncontrollable desire to do the same with his things. Part of the matter here is also in the principle of "imitating adults", guided by children, mastering an unfamiliar world for themselves.

So, streamline the life of the baby:

• try to put his toys on the shelf, and not into the box( this will teach him to choose only one thing for the game, and not pour them all onto the floor at the same time);
• give toys names and explain why they should be treated with care;
• select a separate corner in the closet( or chest of drawers) for his clothes;as well as a place to store his shoes( do not forget to show that both shoes should be placed neatly next to);
• give him small instructions for the house( kids at this age can already remember the places in which these or other things are stored).

Communication

The child should be taught joint games with peers, demonstrating to him the generally accepted rules of behavior. Parents at the same time are given the role of a kind of leader of the process, whose task is to select comrades for the game, to settle quarrels between children and other "trifles".However, do not try to completely switch all the attention of the baby to other children( unfortunately, apart from useful skills, he can master bad habits).Remain for him the same desired and beloved playmate.

Do not forget to teach the child a decent manner. And although to evaluate someone else's point of view for crumbs at this stage of development is still a very difficult task, elementary "thank you" and "please" for different situations( for example, my grandmother treated my granddaughter with a candy) to him "on the shoulder".Do not be surprised if you learn the lesson of "gratitude" for one particular person, the child will not say "thank you" in such a situation, for example, to the grandfather. Just the ability to generalize is not yet available to the baby( this will happen closer to five years).But he is perfectly trained in courtesy on your example.

"I myself!"

The desire to feel large and adult "makes" the baby to require parents to increase the space of his independence. Using this feature, accompanying the development of a child of 2-3 years, you can "instill" a sense of responsibility and self-help ability. However, now parents planning to do some joint action with the baby( for example, dressing him to go for a walk) will have to take into account his desire to test his strength in this process( as well as the time that will go into this).Remember that for crumbs it can be, it is still too hard to do ALL the actions yourself, but even partial execution( for example, putting on a shoe) deserves praise. Try not to confuse the child's manifestation of independence with disobedience.

"Yes" instead of "No"

The three-year-old, more often than not, has successfully "passed through" the stage when only "no" could be heard in reply to any proposal from the people around him. Now the child agrees with almost any of your suggestions, beginning to understand that there are more important things than those that he was busy with. All the home rules have long been learned by them, as well as the consequences of their violation. However, do not forget to explain in detail to the crumbs what exactly you expect of him, allowing or forbidding something to do( for example, why you can not ride a bicycle on the street).But do not flatter yourself too much and do not overestimate your mental abilities. After all, although his development is truly a giant "steps" to master the concepts of "good" and "bad" he can only by the age of six.