Useful properties of mountain ash

Family Rosaceae - Rosaceae

The generic name comes from the Celtic sor, which means tart( characterizes the taste of the fruit).Species definition is formed from the Latin aucuparia - catching birds, as long ago the fruits of mountain ash were used as a bait when catching birds.

Botanical description

Tree is 3-15 m high( sometimes up to 20 m).Young branches are covered with a gray smooth bark, then it acquires a grayish-white color. Kidneys of length R-15 mm, obtuse, black-violet, densely pubescent, terminal buds elongate-conical, lateral smaller and pressed. Leaves are alternate, odd-pinnate, with 7-15 oblong leaves, at the tips of sharply serrate. At the base of the leaves are pubescent, but sometimes pubescence is absent. They are matte-green above, they are gray or grayish-gray below. Inflorescence - a thick scute. Flowers are regular, white, have a peculiar bitter-almond smell. The calyx in the beginning is pubescent, then naked, the calyx is ciliate, the petals of the corolla are rounded, with pubescent pubescence. Stamens 20, columns 2-5( most often 3).Fruits apple-shaped, 2-5-nested, globose or almost globose, reddish orange or orange, bitter-tart taste( bitterness decreases after the first frosts).Blossoms in May - June, fruits ripen in August - September. They stay very long in the trees, standing out against the background of the snow.

Geographical distribution of

Ashberry common in the European part of the USSR, the Crimea, the Caucasus and Transcaucasia, in Siberia, goes far to the north. It grows on forest edges, thawed patches, in the undergrowth, rises high into the mountains, meets on rocky places and river precipices. Planted in gardens and parks, as well as along roads as an ornamental plant. Fruits eagerly eat birds.

Rowan is resistant to cold and drought.

Collecting and drying

Prepare mature fruit. They are collected before the onset of frost. When harvesting carefully cut the flaps with fruit, trying not to damage the branches.

Fruits are picked, separating from an admixture of leaves and pedicels. Dry in ovens or ovens at a temperature of no higher than 40 ° for several hours, after which it is dried at 60 °.In the southern regions, they are dried in the sun, but this is associated with significant losses of carotenoids and ascorbic acid. In Belarus, rowan can be dried in shaded, well-ventilated rooms( lofts, verandas, canopies), scattering fruit in a thin layer and often mixing.

Medicinal raw materials

Fructus Sorbi - is a dried fruit, round, wrinkled, shiny, reddish-orange color. On the fruits remain the remains of a cup in the form of five unobtrusive denticles. The taste is bitter-sour, the flavor is slightly expressed.

GOST 6714-74 allows: moisture in raw materials is not higher than 18%;total ash - 5%;admixtures of fruits that have lost their natural color( blackened, burnt), not more than 3%;fruit with unbroken stems 3%;the content of pedicels, twigs, leaves of mountain ash is not more than 0.5%;organic impurities - 0.5%, mineral impurities - 0.2%.Mold and rot are not allowed.

Dosage forms: Rowanberry juice - 1 kg of rowan fruit is washed, 600 g of sugar are poured, it is insisted for 3-4 hours, then boiled for 30 minutes. Take 1 tbsp.l.before meals 3-4 times a day. From berries mountain ash is prepared sweet and sour infusions or fruit drinks.

Berries in the amount of 40 g grind in a mortar, pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist 4 hours, filter, add sugar to taste.

Syrup is prepared as follows: 100 g of berries are ground in a mortar, pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist 4 hours, filter, then add the ash of the mountain ash to taste in sugar syrup. Dry and fresh berries of mountain ash are used as a vitamin remedy in combination with nettle and dog rose.

Mixture No. 1: 7 parts of berries and 3 parts of nettle leaves.

Mixture No. 2: equal parts of ashberry and hips.

In both cases, 1 tbsp.l.the mixture is brewed with 2 cups of boiling water, boiled for 10 minutes, 4 hours insisted.

I pack t in tissue bags of 30-40 kg. Store on shelves in a well ventilated dry place, avoiding direct sunlight.

Chemical Composition

As a hemostatic agent used in the form of a decoction( 10 g. Of fruit together with dogrose per 200 ml of water).Take half a cup before meals.

Juice from fresh fruits take 1 teaspoon before eating with reduced acidity of gastric juice.

Using rowan fruits as a medicine, it should be remembered that they increase blood clotting, so some categories of patients should be taken only under medical supervision.

FRUIT TREATMENT: 15 g of dried fruit per 200 ml of water. Boil for 2-3 minutes, drain. Drink 1 tbsp.l.3 4 times a day.

TASTY FRESH FRUIT: 200 g of fresh fruits pour I l of vodka, insist 12 days. Strain. Take 1 tbsp.l.three times a day for menstrual disorders in the climacteric period.

OF THIS YOUNG WASTE: 2 tbsp.l.shredded branches pour 400 ml of boiling water, boil on low heat for 5-7 minutes, drain. Take 0.5 cup 3-4 times a day for skin tuberculosis( lupus erythematosus).

TEA FROM LEAVES: 30 g of fresh leaves per 0.5 liters of boiling water, to insist 30 minutes, to drink 200 ml 2-3 times a day for cholelithiasis and nephrolithiasis, liver diseases.

When atherosclerosis drink juice, syrup, infusion of fresh fruits in the usual dosage.

VITAMIN TEA: combine the fruits of mountain ash and dogrose in equal parts.1 tbsp.l.mixture pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, insist 30 minutes, drain. Drink 1 glass three times a day for atherosclerosis, spring avitaminosis, with prolonged leaking, debilitating diseases.

Juice of mountain ash is drunk for 1 tsp.three times a day with an anatomic gastritis.

Infusion, decoction and juice of fresh fruits are used for jaundice, uterine bleeding, hypertension in usual dosages.

Rowanberry syrup is drunk for 1 tsp.three times a day with rheumatism.

In Bulgarian folk medicine, fruits of mountain ash are used to treat diarrhea and dysentery.

With inflammation of the larynx and pharynx, with chronic tonsillitis and tonsillitis, folk medicine recommends gargling with fruit infusions, drinking juice and decoctions of its fruits in the usual dosage.

Bulgarian phytotherapeutists recommend the following treatment methods for kidney stones: 1 tbsp.l. Fruits cook 5 minutes in 200 ml of water, infuse 4 hours. Decoction to drink 70-100 ml.

In arteriosclerosis 200 g of ashberry bark boil for 2 hours on low heat in 0.5 liters of water. Strain, add boiled water to the original volume and drink 50 ml three to four times a day.

Water decoctions of dry fruits of mountain ash are used as a hemostatic. Accept in usual dosages.

With anemia and depletion of the body taking drugs rowan in ordinary dosages. Especially useful are syrup and mountain ash juice.

Decoction of fruits( sometimes with leaves): 15 g per 200 ml;1 tbsp.spoon 3-4 times a day or 1/2 cup 2 times a day. Fresh juice: a quarter of a glass of juice add half a teaspoon of honey;take freshly prepared 2-3 times a day for 1 tbsp.spoon.

Decoction: 2 teaspoons of fruit brew 2 cups of boiling water, insist 1 hour, strain, add honey to taste or sugar and drink 1/2 cup 3-4 times a day.

The dried bark of mountain ash in the form of a powder is appointed or nominated inwards at a lambliasis.

Decoction of the bark reduces blood pressure.

Rowan is used as a choleretic and purgative for diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts, and also as a vitamin remedy.

More recipes from rowan ash

Berries can be left on the mountain ash until the very fall and remove them after the first strong frost. Then they almost lost bitterness. But there is a danger of remaining completely without them, since they are migrated by migratory birds or their own magpies. You can collect bunches of mountain ash, tie them in bundles and freeze in the freezer. The bitterness also disappears. But there is a fairly simple way, which is usually used when cooking jam. Berries pour boiling water, put on a strong fire and bring to a boil, but do not boil. Hot water is immediately drained, the berries are poured with cold water and several times change the water for 5-6 hours( or put under a small trickle of running tap water).After that, they are covered with sugar in a proportion of 1: 1 for 3-4 hours, then cook in several receptions, as they cook black currants or any five-minute jam. Then the berries become transparent, filled, with a soft skin. The best seasoning for meat or fish does not happen!

Spicy taste of mountain ash jam favorably distinguishes it from all well-known and already slightly podnadoevshih berry billet. From rowan you can make a pastille, rowan jelly, cook it with apples and, of course, prepare an excellent rowan tincture. To do this, the berries must be disassembled, washed, blanched in boiling water, then washed several times in the cold. Rastoloch and pour vodka in the proportion of 1 kg of berries to 2.5 liters of vodka( or 1 liter of alcohol diluted with 1.2 liters of water).Put in a closed container for 10 days. Then filter, squeeze, add 250 g of sugar and put on a very small fire, stirring constantly until the sugar completely dissolves. In no case can you heat wine above 40 degrees( alcohol will evaporate from it).After cooling in a closed container, pour into bottles and clog them.

Fruits of mountain ash are multivitamin raw materials. The content of vitamin C in fresh fruits varies from 40 to 100 mg / 100 g of carotene - from 3 to 15 mg of vitamin B2( riboflavin) - 0,05-0,07 mg, folic acid - 0,18-0,25 mg/ 100 g. Fruits are rich in vitamins K( 0.4 mg / 100 g) and E( 0.8-5.1 mg).In addition to p-carotene, the fruits also contain cryptoxanthin and p-carotene epoxide.

Rowan is a valuable source of phenolic compounds( catechins, anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanins, flavonols).Among the catechins isolated / - / epicatechin, gallocatechini epigallocatechinallate. The total content of catechins reaches 370 mg / 100 g.

Fruits are rich in anthocyanins represented by cyanidin derivatives. Most anthocyanins are found in the peel( 300-1600 mg / 100 g).The amount of flavonol varies from 20 to 246 mg / 100 g of fresh fruit. In their composition - astragalin, hyperoside, querci-trin, isokvetsitrin, quercetin-3-p-sophoside, kempf-ro-3-p-sophoside. Flavon glycoside sorbarioside was also found. Fruits are rich in organic acids, among which the main place belongs to apple. Wine, succinic, oxalic, sorbic and parasorbic acids( unsaturated lactone) are also found( in small amounts).Sorbic acid has a bacteriostatic effect( inhibits the growth of bacteria and mold fungi).The acidity of the rowan fruit is 1.79-3.60%( in terms of malic acid).

The content of sugars is 5.9-8%( fructose prevails).Fruits accumulate 0.3-0.5% of pectin substances. A lot of sorbitol alcohol is also found.

Seeds contain( in small amounts) the glycoside amygdalin, which is degraded by enzymes to glucose and prussic acid. As our observations showed( DK Shapiro), the percentage of amygdalin in the fruits of mountain ash is small and it does not have a toxic effect.

Rowan leaves contain 200-220 mg / 100 g of ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenolic compounds.

Useful properties

Since ancient times used as a medicinal plant. Rowan is very useful because of the high content of vitamins, besides it does not thicken the blood like her black sister, but the pressure slightly increases. Rowan berries dry. They retain their remarkable properties for several years.

It is very useful in the winter to brew a tonic drink for yourself( especially for those who experience chronic fatigue or just get up with difficulty in the morning).Prepare it from a mixture of dried or fresh berries of red mountain ash, dog rose and barberry in the proportion 1: 1: 1.It is best to prepare it in the evening, for this pour( in a three-liter thermos boiling water and put down there one teaspoon with the top of a mountain ash, dog rose and barberry.) In the morning and in the morning, drink this beverage. Fresh berries again pour boiling water, then drink.take out, shake and pour them again in a thermos with boiling water. Thus, you can use berries three times, and each time the drink will contain all the biologically active substances and vitamins.

But you should know that it not only increases the overall tone of the organism, butand severalit increases the arterial blood pressure so that in the evening it is not necessary to consume the rowan infusion or it should not be applied to the hypertonics, this is especially true for hypertensive patients.)

Uses in folk medicine

Rowan is used for hepatocholecystitis, hepatitis, complicated bile secretion, kidney stones and gall bladder, dysentery,hemorrhoids, senile atony of the intestines, menopause, uterine bleeding, fresh fruits are effective in atherosclerosis, hypertension, kidney stone disease.

The fruits of mountain ash have a moderately laxative and diuretic effect. Rowberry berries are recommended for rheumatism. Rowan contains sorbitol, so it can and should be used by diabetics. Berries are used in hypovitaminosis, with influenza( to strengthen the body's resistance).

Phytoncides of mountain ash are harmful to Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, mold fungus. Sorbic acid is isolated from mountain ash, it has bactericidal properties, it is used to preserve juices and vegetables.

Ashberry jam

1 kg of berries of red ashberry, 1.2 kg of sugar.

Add the red mountain ash to boiling water. Boil 5 minutes, drain the water.

Set the mountain ash under cold running water for a day to remove the tannins.

Drain the water, fill the berries with sugar and let stand for another day.

Bring to a boil and remove from heat, allow to cool. Again bring to a boil and cook over low heat.

In properly brewed jam berries are full and soft, in the wrong way - the berries are shriveled and tough.

Rowan jam is served as a side dish for meat, fish dishes and boiled potatoes, a small bitterness gives piquancy to these dishes.

Red ashberry in apple syrup

1 kg of apples, 1.5 kg of sugar, 0.5 liters of water, 1 kg of red ashberry.

Remove apples from the core, cut into slices of equal width, cover with sugar for a day.

Part of the syrup that has separated out, pour apple jam into the remaining syrup.

Rowan, devoid of bitterness, pour a sweet apple syrup, leave for the night. In the morning heat the mass to a boil, boil for 5 minutes, pour into sterile jars and roll.


Fresh fruits and ashberry juice is used for dysentery( 100 g of fruit taken 3 times a day for 20-30 minutes before meals).

Rowberry juice from pressed berries to take 1/4 cup 2-3 times a day for 30 minutes before meals.

In the wild, mountain ash is common throughout the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, the Far East, Kamchatka, Siberia, the Amur region, the Urals. Rowan grows on forest edges, glades, along river banks, on stony rocks, in undergrowth, roadside plantings and in gardens.

The fruits of ashberry ordinary contain up to 8-10% of sugars, more than 2% of organic acids( mainly apple, citric, tartaric and sorinic), vitamins C, P, B1, E, B2, PP, P, carotenoids, catechins, phenolcarboxylic acids, tannins, mineral salts, bitter substances, flavonoids, heterocyclic oxygen-containing compounds and phospholipids( cephalin, lecithin).

Berries and juice from them have long been used for the prevention and treatment of beriberi. The combination in the mountain ash of vitamins C and R allows the use of juice for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and hypertension. In folk medicine, the juice of berries of mountain ash is used as a mild laxative, diuretic and hemostatic. Juice is recommended for lung diseases and rheumatism. Especially useful juice in the autumn and winter time: it is drunk on a tablespoon several times a day. Rowberry juice is also a proven remedy for hemorrhoids.

Rowan tea:

Fruits and flowers of mountain ash, herb of oregano, leaves of peppermint - 20: 6: 2: 3.1 h. Mixtures per wil

* Note. Tea with chamomile is brewed every time, after cooling, this drink loses its properties, and when boiling and prolonged infusion, volatile oils evaporate from it. Too long consumption of this tea can lead to increased nervousness.


Vitamin drink

1. Fruits of mountain ash, herb of oregano, hips, 1: 1: 3.Fruits pound, pour 2 hours. . a mixture of fruits, 1 tbsp.boiling water, bring to a boil, add herb oregano, insist 1 hour, strain. The drink has a pleasant aroma and taste.
2. Fruits of mountain ash, raspberry, currant leaves - 30: 5: 2.2 tablespoons chopped fruits and leaves per 1 tbsp.boiling water. Brew and drink as tea. Polebnye properties: restorative drink.
   

Rowan broth

Very good cleanses and tones up the skin with a decoction of mint, lemon balm, rowan fruit and chamomile flowers with the addition of glycerin and milk. Take 1/2 cup of a mixture of the above herbs, pour 3 cups of boiling water and cook over low heat for 30 minutes. Then the broth should be infused for at least 8 hours, then strain and add 2 tbsp.l.glycerol and 2 tbsp.l.milk. Wipe the face and neck with the product once a day, but regularly. Store the broth in the refrigerator, but not more than a day.

Rowan kvass

500-700 g of forest ash, 300 g of sugar, 10 g of yeast, 3 waters.

Rowan rinse, put into a saucepan and pour boiling water. Boil on low heat with the lid closed for 25-30 minutes. Then decoction to filter, berry to wipe, again to fill with broth and again to filter( best through gauze).In a strained broth add sugar, yeast. Leave for fermentation for 12-15 hours, and then kvass can be poured into bottles.

Useful and medicinal properties of ashberry ordinary ashberry of Nezhinskaya

Healing part: fruits, flowers.

Plant characteristics: a small tree with serrate leaves. The fruits are bright orange false spines, collected in the corymbose brush.

Composition of tea and way of its preparation:

Rowberry tea fortifying: 20 g of rowan fruit for 200 ml of boiling water, to insist 4 hours, strain. Drink 0.5 cup 2-3 times daily before meals.

Healing properties: gastritis with reduced acidity of gastric juice, hemorrhoids, kidney disease, liver, atherosclerosis, bleeding.

Fresh juice is taken 50 ml three times a day.