Rules of introduction of complementary foods
Even with sufficient milk from the mother, a child at the age of 5-6 months must be introduced a complementary feed.
Lure - an additional kind of food of animal or vegetable origin. Its composition, taste, form of administration are very different from breast milk. This contributes to the development of the chewing apparatus, stimulates the enzyme systems of the gastrointestinal tract and prepares the child for weaning.
Rules for the introduction of
1. Lure is introduced only to a healthy child, after increasing its body weight by 2 times, from 5 months.
2. The complementary feeding must precede breastfeeding, since at this time all the enzyme systems are most active. To start feeding you need from 5-10 g and gradually( within 2 weeks) to bring the volume of dense food to 150 g. In the second half of the child's life, the lure should not exceed 180 g.
3. A new kind of complementary foods is allowed to enter only after the child's complete adaptationto the previous one.
4. Do not give the same type of complementary foods twice a day.
5. Dishes of complementary foods should have a soft, uniform consistency and do not cause the child difficulty in swallowing.
6. With age, the transition to a more dense, then - dense poverty is necessary, which will help the child to receive food from a spoon and chewing complementary foods.
7. Lure is given in a warm form, with a spoon, in the sitting position of the child.
8. It is not advisable to combine two dense or two liquid dishes in one feeding, it is necessary to alternate them.
9. When introducing complementary foods, it is important to observe the child's chair. If the stool does not cause difficulties and anxiety and remains normal, then the next day the amount of complementary foods can be increased. The introduction of the first complementary meal should take 3-4 weeks. Then, the introduction of the second type of complementary foods is allowed, with the obligatory observance of the basic rule - the gradual and sequential introduction of new products.
10. It is not allowed to introduce complementary foods while carrying out preventive vaccinations.
Beginning at the age of 5 months, the first meal of complementary foods is introduced into the child's diet - vegetable puree, which gradually replaces one feeding with breast milk, as the child needs mineral salts( potassium, iron), organic acids, pectic substances and vegetable fibers that normalize the stool. Optimal is the introduction of vegetable puree of one type of vegetables, gradually moving to a mixture of several vegetables. It is important to pay attention to the degree of their grinding. Vegetable puree for the first vegetable complementary foods can be cooked from courgettes, carrots, potatoes.
3-4 weeks after the introduction of the first complementary meal and replacement of one feeding with vegetable puree, you can introduce cereal lure( milk porridge).Gluten-free cereals - rice, buckwheat and corn flour - should be recommended, so as not to provoke the development of gluten enteropathy in children of the first months of life, so you do not need to start feeding with manna porridge. As cereal complementary food, dry instant cereals are convenient, for the preparation of which you only need to mix dry powder with warm boiled water.
Curd( in a dose of 3-5 g / kg body weight) and yolk should be prescribed no earlier than 6 months of life, since the early introduction of foreign protein leads to the development of allergies, the destruction of functionally immature kidneys, metabolic acidosis and dysmetabolic nephropathy.
From 7-8 months in the diet of the child you need to enter raw ripe fruits and meat in the form of minced meat( from rabbit, turkey, beef, veal, lean pork) in an amount of 3-5 g / kg body weight.
In 9 months, meatballs in the same volume are allowed in the baby's diet, by the end of 1 year - steam cutlets. It is recommended to use canned meat for baby food of industrial production, produced in glassware. Meat canned food is divided into pure meat and meat-filling. Tinned meat with various degrees of grinding is produced: homogenized( from 8 months), puree( from 8-9 months) and coarsely ground( from 10-12 months).The last two species differ in the degree of grinding, the presence of spices in them, they can also replace water with meat broth. Most canned foods are enriched with iron.
Do not include broth in the diet of a child for up to a year, as they contain many purine bases, which leads to damage to the functionally immature kidneys.
Mashed soups are prepared on vegetable broths. Food should be slightly salted: the kidneys of the baby are immature, poorly remove the sodium salt from the body. In vegetable purees manufactured industrially, the sodium content should not exceed 150 mg / 100 g, in mixtures of meat and vegetables - 200 mg / 100 g.
. From the age of 8 months, it is possible to prescribe kefir or other sour-milk mixture as complementary foods. Unreasonably widespread use of kefir in the first months of life can lead to a violation of acid-base balance in the child's body, acidosis and create an additional burden on the kidneys.
It is not recommended to brew cottage cheese with kefir, as this dramatically increases the amount of protein consumed. Cottage cheese should be used with fruit or vegetable puree.
From 9 months to the child 1-2 times a week instead of meat you can give low-fat varieties of fish: cod, flounder, saury, pike perch. In the intervals between meals a child can be offered fruit juices without sugar.
From 1 year in the child's diet can include malosolenye cheese. They are rich in proteins, calcium, vitamins A and B group.