When the kidney cyst is removed. Methods of treatment

Removal of the kidney cyst in modern medicine is considered the most effective way of treating this pathology. Now new ways of implementing the operation allow you to abandon a large incision or anesthesia. In most cases, renal cyst puncture, laparoscopy or open surgery is performed.

A large number of cysts on the kidneys do not require treatment, only the implementation of dynamic observation is needed. If, due to the formation of Keats, complications occur, for example, acute or chronic form of pyelonephritis, urolithic pathology or increased blood pressure, then symptomatic therapy is required.

Symptoms of formation of pathology

Symptoms of the presence of cystic kidney neoplasms are not clear. The patient is not at all able to feel any discomfort or specific signs of defeat. The disease lasts for a long time without symptoms, and the cyst is detected accidentally during the ultrasound examination.

The patient begins to feel any uncomfortable sensations, only if the size of the cyst grows to the point that it strongly presses on nearby organs.

The following symptoms are manifested:

• Pain in the lumbar region, intensifying after lifting the gravity or with sudden movements.
• Renal hypertension is an increase in pressure.
• The presence of blood in the urine.
• Incorrect blood circulation in the damaged kidney.
• Disturbance of urinary retention in the affected kidney. Pain of a dull character in the ureter.
• Increase in the size of the kidney.

With weakened immunity to the disease, an infection that causes inflammation joins. In this situation, the patient feels signs of kidney infection - general weakness of the body, pain and frequent urination, aching not passing shingles, rising temperature. In addition, when examining urine, it is diagnosed with an increase in the concentration of leukocytes, and also the presence of red blood cells and cylinders.

This is important! In the absence of timely therapy, there are risks of chronic kidney failure. All this is characterized by polyuria - frequent urge to urinate, thirst and weakness of the body, rising blood pressure. If the cyst becomes too large, then it begins to push heavily on the pelvis of the kidneys and ureters, as well as important vessels. In turn, this can provoke ischemia and atrophy of the injured organ.

Puncture and sclerotherapy

The main problem with any kidney cyst is the pressure on the strictures - kidney, ureter, or nearby organs. In this regard - the main task of treatment is the elimination of compression due to the removal of fluid and cystic cavity. The kidney cyst is pierced with a special needle, and then its contents are sucked off. All manipulations are performed under strict control of ultrasound and X-rays to prevent the development of complications on the kidneys, intestines and other organs.

To prevent the new growth of the cyst in its cavity inject pure alcohol, which kills these cells - this process is called sclerotherapy. It allows you to get rid of a cystic neoplasm in the kidneys up to 10 cm. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia for 15-20 minutes.

Types of removal of cystic neoplasm in the kidneys

The operation to remove the kidney cyst is of several varieties:

1. Laparoscopy.
2. Removal of the lesion by the open method.
3. Retrograde operation to remove the cyst.

When performing percutaneous removal of neoplasm in the kidney, it should be on the back of the organ. A small incision is made in the lumbar region and an endoscope is inserted into it - it is a thin tube, at the end of which there is a camera and a special instrument. Under the control of the video image, the specialist conducts excision of the cystic walls.

Another removal of the kidney cyst: laparoscopy, which involves the implementation of small incisions on the front of the abdominal wall and from the side. In one of the holes made, the camera is inserted, as well as the lighting device, the removal tool is inserted into the remaining holes. The technique is also used in cases of pronounced polycystosis.

If the kidney cyst is removed by the open method, which is very rare, the specialist will make an incision of the skin and underlying tissues, highlighting the kidney and eliminating all cysts from it. This is the most traumatic operation, involving a prolonged postoperative stay in a hospital and a long period of rehabilitation and recovery.

This is important! In the implementation of retrograde removal of the renal cyst, the surgeon inserts an endoscope into the canal, which is passed through the bladder and ureter, then into the kidney. Using a laser, the kidney is cut and the cyst removed. Then the wound is sutured. Any operation is realized during monitoring on the monitor and takes little time, being practically not traumatic.

The duration of the operation takes from 40 to 120 minutes according to the chosen method.

Indication for the removal of the renal cyst

Surgical removal of the cyst is performed if the following symptoms develop:

• Large size cyst.
• Ruptured cyst.
• The formation of a purulent lesion is an abscess of the cyst.
• The presence of blood in the urine when a kidney cyst appears.
• Painful sensations.

Contraindications

Resection of the kidney cysts, as a rule, can not be performed in the following situations:

• Absence of symptomatic disease.
• Brightly expressed polycystosis.
• Blood clotting disorder.
• Taking medications that dilute blood - at least one week before surgery.
• Decompensation of the lesions of the cardiovascular system.
• Decompensation of lesions of the respiratory system.
• Exacerbations and complications of diabetes mellitus.

Implications of the implementation of removal of the renal cyst

After the removal of the cyst, the patient must necessarily adhere to bed rest on the first day after surgery. Then, minimal physical activity is prescribed, such as walking along a hospital corridor. After one to two months after removal, it is allowed to return to the usual physical activity again.

The first few days you need to follow a diet - abundant fluid intake and limiting consumption of fried, spicy and fatty foods.

This is important! The treatment time will be correlated with the chosen method. With endoscopy and laparoscopy, the patient is treated in a hospital for three to seven days. With open surgery, the treatment time is increased to 21 days.

Be sure to use antibacterial drugs and if necessary - pain medication.

Relapse of the disease is too rare, but for its detection it is required to visit the doctor at least once a year for examination - ultrasound and radiography.

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