Milk with diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by insufficient insulin formation in pancreatic cells. This worsens the ability of the body to use carbohydrates.
Diabetes mellitus is a hereditary disease, but sometimes it arises from irrational nutrition, inflammatory process, traumatic pancreatic injury, diseases of other endocrine glands( pituitary gland, thyroid gland, etc.).
We already know that the human body receives energy in two ways: by processing glucose( the so-called day regimen) and processing fat( night mode).Food rich in carbohydrates enters the stomach, where it is split, and glucose enters the bloodstream. Hypothalamus receptors detect a rise in blood glucose, and a signal( hormones) is sent to the pancreas, resulting in increased production of insulin, which processes glucose into energy. At the end of this process, the hypothalamus ceases to release substances that transmit the signal to the pancreas, insulin production decreases and production of growth hormone begins, which turns fat into energy.
In case of insufficient production of insulin in the pancreas, a process occurs, as a result of which glucose is not processed by the body in the right amount and part of it goes along with the urine. The other part is still absorbed, being processed by the body into fat and used by the second method of obtaining energy( night mode).As a result, patients with diabetes usually lose weight.
Sometimes diabetes mellitus is combined with obesity, which occurs due to disruption and the second way of obtaining energy. Since the body feeds only at the expense of fats, growth hormone, which is responsible for their mobilization, is of great importance. However, when the amount of fatty acids in the body increases, the functions for its production are suppressed, and obesity arises. In combination with diabetes, this phenomenon is doubly dangerous, since it is a process that is practically irreversible and contributes to the development of a variety of additional diseases.
The main symptoms of diabetes mellitus( in an early stage) are poor health, constant thirst, severe urination, weakness, weight loss, anemia, itching, a tendency to pustular skin diseases. Further violations of carbohydrate metabolism in the body can lead to non-compliance with other metabolic processes of the body( protein metabolism, fat metabolism).As a result of the accumulation of intermediate products of fat metabolism( ketone), a diabetic coma may occur, at which there is deep noisy breathing, acetone from the mouth, frequent pulse and low blood pressure. The next stage of diabetic coma is the fall in cardiac activity and loss of consciousness.
Some time ago, diabetes was considered an incurable disease and almost always led to death. However, with the development of science doctors have learned to make injections of insulin( an artificial hormone), which greatly facilitated the fate of most patients. In some cases, it is even possible to achieve recovery. An example is the diabetes of pregnant women, which arises, as a rule, as a result of irrational nutrition and leads to the need to introduce insulin until delivery or the end of the period of feeding the child.
However, insulin injections are not the only way to heal the disease, and it must necessarily contain a component such as therapeutic nutrition, which is the most reliable and proven way to arrest the development of diabetes. Injections of a hormone are made only in the event that the diet has not given essential results. Insulin is a very strong drug, and its overdose is fraught with consequences, namely, deep hypoglycemia, in which the blood sugar level drops dramatically, which starves the brain and heart and can lead to death.
In diabetes, the diet is prescribed by a doctor, taking into account the clinical features of the disease, as well as in the unique use of insulin. From a diet recommended by a doctor, you can neither retreat nor change it. This can only be done by a specialist after examination and determining the cause of the disease.
The diet is aimed at reducing the carbohydrate content with the same amount in food proteins, vitamins and minerals. First, the use of simple carbohydrates - sugar and sweets - is limited;secondly, - plant products containing starch. The consumption of bread and bakery products, fatty( meat, lard, fish, butter), pasta, cereals and eggs decreases. It is also very important the amount of water consumed by the patient, as with diabetics there is often a thirst and water exchange is disturbed.
Milk is the most acceptable of all the products of the diet, since in the case of a large number of proteins, vitamins and minerals, there are relatively few fats( only 3%), which are easy digestible, unlike other fats of animal origin, such as lamb or porkfat. Milk also contains a large amount of water( 88%), which is easy to calculate when compiling a diet. However, the diet limits the consumption of products from milk, which, due to special treatment, contain a large amount of carbohydrates( butter, fatty cottage cheese and curd mass).This does not mean that a diabetic patient should absolutely avoid these products, but their consumption is strictly regulated.
8 hours: 200 grams of rye bread, 30 grams of herring, 100 g of boiled potatoes, 5 g of butter, cabbage salad with apples( 50 g of apples, 250 grams of cabbage, citric acid, saccharin, salt), a glass of coffee with milk- 50 g( with saccharin).
11 hours: porridge of wheat bran with milk( 50 g bran, 20 g cereals, 60 g milk), a glass of rose hip broth.
14 hours: 100 grams of rye bread, soup with meat broth, stew( 100 grams of meat, 10 grams of butter), buckwheat porridge with stewed meat from stew( cereals 40 grams), salad from sauerkraut, apple( 100 g).
17 hours: cutlets from potatoes and wheat bran( 200 g of potatoes, 50 g of wheat ground bran, 40 g of milk, 1/2 egg, 10 g of oil), a glass of coffee with milk on saccharin( milk 50 g).
19 hours: 100 grams of rye bread, fried meat cutlet( 70 grams of meat, 5 g butter, cooked without bread), stewed cabbage( butter 5 g), cheese - 20 g.
One hour before sleep: steep egg,a glass of broth of a dogrose.
Eat vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce, cucumbers, zucchini, grated carrots or beets when the appetite comes.
With a diet that restricts the intake of carbohydrates into the body, the total calorie content is reduced, culinary processing of dishes can be any( without salt), it is recommended to eat food 4 - 5 times a day in small portions. On average, the daily ration should contain: 100-130 g of proteins, 60-90 g of fats, 100-120 g of carbohydrates, 3 - 5 g of table salt.
The diet should be combined with unloading days( a special form of therapeutic nutrition), aimed at partial fasting when the digestive or metabolic functions are disrupted. The most effective dairy days, in which you have to drink every 2 hours for 100 grams of milk or 80 grams of kefir, curdled milk or ryazhenka.
Milk-curd days - 5 - 6 glasses of milk and 300 g of low-fat cottage cheese. Recommended for a combination of diabetes and obesity.
Curd days - 400 - 600 g of low-fat cottage cheese, 60 g of sour cream and 100 g of milk. Cottage cheese days are also advised to suit obese people.
There are many more varieties of fasting days: vegetable, fruit, tea, meat. However, they should not be conducted spontaneously, but only under the strict supervision of a doctor. The interval for carrying out unloading days( from 2 to 7) is also determined by the doctor.
Fruitful effect on health and consumption of fermented milk products, such as kefir, yogurt: when milk is squeezed, protein breaks down, and when getting into the stomach, it does not need to do unnecessary work. This can give rest to the secretory activity of the pancreas and favorably affect the course of the disease as a whole. In addition, the sour-milk products contain bacteria that have an antibiotic effect, which can positively affect the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.