Perinatal hypotrophy and peculiarities of its treatment. Tips for parents

Perinatal hypotrophy is a deficit in the mass of a fetus or newborn in the first seven days of life. In this case, all the organs and tissues of the child, and especially the nervous system, suffer.

Manifestations of hypotrophy depend on the severity of the deficit and can be either minor or extremely severe, requiring urgent medical attention.

Why can perinatal hypotrophy occur?

The first step leading to the development of perinatal hypotrophy is chronic hypoxia( lack of oxygen) of the mother and a violation of uteroplacental blood flow.

As a result, delivery to the fetus of nutrients deteriorates, tissues and organs suffer, and first of all, the nervous system of the baby. Among the factors leading to intrauterine growth retardation, external and internal ones are distinguished.
The main external factors are

• uneven intake of nutrients( usually insufficient),
• transferred by a woman during pregnancy and colds,
• poisoning of the mother's body with medicines or toxic substances( alcohol, drugs),
• low living and hygiene standards.

Internal causes are

• hormonal disorders( thyroid disease),
• indigestion and absorption of nutrients( hereditary enzyme deficiency),
• metabolic disorders( diabetes mellitus).

Do not forget that perinatal hypotrophy can be a manifestation of some genetic diseases and congenital pathologies.

As a manifestation of the ailment

Three degrees of perinatal hypotrophy are distinguished depending on the degree of incompatibility of body length and mass:

• is mild( 10-20% deficiency), in which the child's condition is satisfactory and there are no significant pathologies,
• average( 20-30% deficit), characterized by nervous excitability, decreased skin elasticity, microcirculation disturbance and the presence of subcutaneous fat in the facial area alone,
• is severe( deficiency is more than 30%).With the third degree of perinatal hypotrophy, the child's condition is severe, there is a retardation, lack of subcutaneous fat, muscle atrophy.

In determining the intrauterine growth retardation of fetus, hypotrophy is divided into

• symmetrical( deficiency of mass and body length),
• asymmetric( uneven development of the child's organs) and
• mixed.

With asymmetric hypotrophy, the prognosis for a child is worse, therefore, women with this diagnosis are more often hospitalized in a hospital.

How to improve intrauterine nutrition

In the treatment of perinatal hypotrophy,

• oxygen therapy is used to eliminate tissue hypoxia,
• intravenous glucose and other nutrient transfusion,
• B vitamins and nootropic drugs for the normalization of nervous system function,
• actovegin for improving placental blood flow.

To reduce the risk of intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus for all pregnant women,

• should walk at least an hour and a half per day outdoors,
• should try to eat correctly and take multivitamin complexes,
• to avoid contact with infections and
• to monitor blood counts.

All this will give birth to a healthy and full-fledged baby.