Genital warts in women: photo, treatment, symptoms, causes

Condylomas in women are also called anogenital warts.

They are a viral disease associated with infection with human papillomaviruses.

Clinically, this leads to the appearance of neoplasms on skin and mucous membranes of the urethra, external genitalia, vagina and cervix, as well as the anal region.

Most often, condylomas are recorded in women of young age, with a relationship between the number of sexual partners and the probability of anogenital warts appearing.

However, the disease does not develop in all infected people. So, according to the World Health Organization, infection with human papillomavirus is 50-80%, but only 1-2% of them develop clinical manifestations.

Causes of condyloma

The human papillomavirus is DNA-containing. This is taken into account when carrying out polymerase chain reaction, which identifies these unique sequences, allowing to identify the causative agent of the disease.

Infection with this virus occurs in the following ways:

1. 1) Sexual contact is the most common among sexually active women
   
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2. 2) Transplacental infection
   
3. 3) Contact-household, realized through personal hygiene products( besides, it does not exclude self-poisoning).

Classification of

Classification of genital warts in women is as follows:

• genital warts
  
• papular warts
  
• warts in the form of spots
  
• intraepithelial neoplasia
  
• papules and Bowen's
  
• disease of Bushek-Levenshtein condyloma, which has a giant size.

Symptoms of condyloma in women

Clinical manifestations of the disease are divided into subjective, which disturb the patient, and objective, which the doctor determines independently when using different methods of examining the patient.

The main symptoms that women present with genital warts are the following symptoms:

1. 1) The presence of formations on the skin and mucous membranes that have different shapes, taking into account the classification of anogenital warts given above
   
2. 2) Itching sensation at the rash sites
   
3. 3) Paresthesia inthis area, that is, a feeling of tingling, crawling, and so on.
   
4. 4) Pain that occurs during intercourse( related to anogenital wart injury)
   
5. 5) If the condylomas are located in the area of ​​the urethra, it leads to itching and burning during urination, as well as cuts and discomfort after the act of urinating
   
6. 6) Cracks in the lesion that lead to additional pain enhancement
   
7. 7) Bleeding, which is also associated with the appearance of cracks.

Objective signs of the disease depend on the clinical form of condyloma. For genital warts, the following symptoms are characteristic:

• protrusions on the skin and mucous membranes, finger-like
  
• most often affect the external opening of the urethra, small labia, vulva, vagina, anal region, cervix
  
• have a "motley" pattern.

Papular warts are like pimples. They are localized in places where the epithelium undergoes keratinization, that is, keratinization. Therefore, the favorite location of this type of condyloma is the external surface of the vulva, the perineum and pubis.

The spotted form of condyloma affects only the mucous membrane of the genital organs. The color of the rashes may be different. In some cases, they have a greyish-white color, in others - pinkish-red, and in the third - reddish-brown.

In papulosis and Bowen's disease, the outer surface of the rashes is velvety, and they have the form of spots or papules. On the mucosa, condylomas are painted red or brown, and the skin is gray or brown.

The Buške-Levenshtay condyloma is represented by small warts, which gradually merge with each other. As a result, it is accompanied by the formation of condyloma, which has a wide base.

Diagnosis

In most cases, it is not difficult to establish a diagnosis of genital warts in women. To do this, it is sufficient to assess the clinical manifestations, especially to reveal the objective signs of papillomavirus infection. To better visualize the rash, a trial with trichloroacetic acid should be used. It causes a spasm of blood vessels, on the background of which condylomas become grayish white, and the vascular pattern intensifies.

However, in some cases, additional research methods are required, among which

• polymerase chain reaction
  
• is a cytological and morphological study of lesion sites.

The organization of diagnostic search is performed by a venereologist. However, quite often, condylomata in women require an integrated approach, which dictates the need to involve related specialists to help patients.

Most often I have to resort to help:

1. 1) Gynecologist( diagnoses precancerous processes of cervical epithelium, vulva and vagina)
   
2. 2) Urologist if the lesions are localized in the urethra
   
3. 3) Proctologist - if the anal region, including the directintestines
   
4. 4) The immunologist, if any pathological deviations in the immune status of a person are detected, as well as frequent recurrence of the disease after treatment( this usually requires the exclusion of HIV infection).

Treatment of condyloma in women

In all cases when there are condylomata in women, treatment is indicated. It has the following objectives:

• destruction of anogenital warts
  
• improving the quality of life of patients.

Given these goals, the main place in the treatment of genital warts is given to destructive therapy. It should be noted that in 20-30% of cases, relapse of the disease is possible. They arise either on healthy tissues, or on the border between an excised wart and outwardly normal skin or mucous membrane.

The main destructive methods that are used by modern medicine and have high efficacy are the following:

1. 1) Cytotoxic methods. They lead to the development of necrosis of the affected cells, which is accompanied by scar tissue with the disappearance of the wart. The main drug that is used for this purpose is Podophyllotoxin, available as a cream or solution. It is applied twice a day for 3 days with an interval of 4 days between the next procedure. The drug is used mainly for the treatment of genital warts, located on the skin, but not on the mucous membranes.
   
2. 2) Chemical methods that include the use of a combination of acids applied to the lesion
   
3. 3) Local immunomodulators that allow the activation of immune cells to fight the human papillomavirus. The modern preparation from this group is Imiquimod
   
4. 4) Physical methods of destruction, which include diathermocoagulation, cryodestruction, laser therapy
   
5. 5) Surgical excision.

As a result of the treatment, condylomas in women should completely disappear. This will be regarded as a good result from therapy. Such patients for a certain time are under the supervision of a doctor to exclude a possible relapse.

In case of a relapse, repeated destruction is shown. Later the patients are removed from the dispensary.

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