Neuralgia and neuritis symptoms
Lesions of peripheral nerves caused by cooling, infection, trauma, intoxication, allergy, metabolic disorders. Characterized by pain and sensitivity disorders in the zone of innervation of the corresponding nerve.
Occurs with diseases of the teeth, paranasal sinuses, with narrowing of the bony orifices through which the nerve branches pass.
Symptoms. The disease is manifested by severe attacks of pain in the face of a few seconds or minutes, which are more frequent when talking and eating. Provoke the pain of colds, infection, cooling. When the examination reveals soreness in the exit points of the branches of the trigeminal nerve. Certain "chicken" zones on the face are detected, when touched, you can cause a painful attack.
Treatment. Carbamazepine( tegretol, finlepsin), acetylsalicylic acid, amidopyrine, analgin, dry heat, UHF therapy, ultrasound, electrophoresis of novocaine. In severe cases - alcoholization of the affected branch or surgical intervention. It is necessary to treat sick teeth and inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.
Occurs more often after hypothermia, influenza and other infections, less often - inflammation of the middle ear, fracture of the base of the skull.
Symptoms. The paralysis of the facial muscles develops on the corresponding side: the patient can not wrinkle his forehead, squeeze his eyes;mouth is skewed to a healthy side.
Treatment. Acetylsalicylic acid, nicotinic acid, diuretics, antibiotics, glucocorticosteroid agents, solux, paraffin, ultrasound, Bargogne half mask with potassium iodide or calcium chloride, injections of vitamin B 1, proserine;LFK, light massage. With dry eyes, instill a 30% solution of sodium sulfacyl.
Develops more often with injuries, sometimes after prolonged anesthesia with fixation of the hand, injections into the outer surface of the shoulder.
Symptoms. There is a weakness of extensors of the forearm, a hand with muscle atrophy, a sensitivity on the outer surface of the forearm and on the back of the fingers and hand is disturbed. The brush hangs, the fingers are half-bent.
More often traumatic, sometimes with arthritis.
Symptoms. The flexion of the main phalanx of all fingers and the reduction of the fingers are violated. Atrophy of the interosseous muscles( "clawed paw").Sensitivity on fingers is upset.
Develops with infections, injuries.
Symptoms. It is difficult to contrast the first finger, bend fingers into a fist, atrophy the muscles of the first finger( "monkey's paw").The sensitivity is disturbed on the outer surface of the palm and on I, II, III and half of the IV fingers. There are often pains.
Often occurs with inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the pelvic organs, with trauma.
Symptoms. There are pains on the anterior inner thigh surface, hip flexion and leg extension are difficult, the muscles of the anterior surface of the thigh atrophy. The knee jerk disappears. A positive symptom of Wasserman( tension) is positive. It is necessary to distinguish from hip joint lesion, which causes pain not only when flexing, but also hip rotation, painful load along the longitudinal axis of the leg.
Causes - common to other neuritis, osteochondrosis of the spine.
Symptoms. There are pains in the gluteal region, the back surface of the thighs and lower leg, painfully stretching of the nerve: positive symptoms of Lasega, planting. There is a hypotonia of the gluteus and calf muscles, a decrease in the Achilles reflex.
Occurs with various infections.
Symptoms. Appearing girdle pain in the chest, painful palpation of the corresponding intercostal space. Pain is worse when coughing, sneezing. Often, intercostal neuralgia is a symptom of the disease of the internal organs, the spine, so a thorough examination of the patient is necessary.
Treatment of neuritis .Anti-inflammatory therapy, analgesics, B vitamins, proserin, aloe. Physiotherapy, exercise therapy, massage.
Rheumatic damage to the nervous system.
Allocate:
For neurorematism, the multiplicity of lesions and their short duration are typical. Vascular forms are more common in middle and older age, encephalitis in children.
Treatment of .Antirheumatic and symptomatic therapy( see relevant diseases).
May occur at any stage of the disease.
Early neurosyphilis develops in the first 5 years after infection. Shells and blood vessels are mainly affected. Syphilitic meningitis can occur acutely or chronically. In acute course, the me-ningal syndrome is expressed, cranial nerve damage is noted, and the temperature is raised to 38-39 ° C.In chronic meningitis, the lesion of the cranial nerves( usually oculomotor, visual) is typical. The meningeal syndrome is not clearly expressed. In the cerebrospinal fluid, the protein content is increased, the number of lymphocytes( 100-150 cells per 1 μl) is increased, the Wasserman reaction is positive. Syphilitic vasculitis is manifested by repeated violations of cerebral circulation with rapid restoration of impaired functions.
Treatment is carried out jointly by the p / venerologist according to standard schemes consisting of 6-8 courses. Complete treatment with normalization of cerebrospinal fluid and serological reactions.
The most typical late form of neurosyphilis is the spinal cord. It develops 15-20 years after infection.
Symptoms of .Characterized by "shooting" pain in the internal organs( "stomach", "heart"), gait disturbance( "stamping"), caused by the damage to the posterior columns of the spinal cord with a depressive disorder in the legs, lesions of the cranial nerves( visual, oculomotor), trophic disorders, extinction of tendon reflexes. In the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, a positive Wasserman reaction is determined.
Treatment. Specific therapy with repeated courses, restorative treatment, physiotherapy, with pain - analgesics.
Multiple defeat of peripheral nerves. It is observed in infections( influenza, diphtheria), intoxications( alcohol, lead, mercury, etc.), metabolic disorders( diabetes), beriberi.
Symptoms of .Pain, numbness in the limbs, weakness and hypotension of the muscles of the distal parts of the hands and feet, impaired sensitivity in the form of gloves and stockings.
Treatment. Effects on the underlying disease. Vitamins B1, B12, proserin, dibazol, massage, physiotherapy, exercise therapy.