Vascular dystonia symptoms
Neurocirculatory dystonia( vegetative-vascular dystonia) is a disease accompanied by vasomotor disorders and discordant reactions in various parts of the vascular system.
Among the causes that can cause neurocirculatory dystonia, it should be noted fatigue, excessive psycho-emotional stress, prolonged exposure to traumatic situations, personality characteristics of patients. Perhaps the development of the disease after the infection, skull injuries, severe diseases of other organs. A certain role is played by heredity and the presence of foci of chronic infection in the body( chronic tonsillitis, chronic sinusitis, etc.).The most common are the young
. There are three main forms of neurocirculatory dystonia: cardiac type, hypertonic type, hypotonic type.
It is characterized by the appearance of a variety of complaints of pain in the region of the heart. Most often these are permanent, prolonged, monotonous pains in the region of the apex of the heart. Against the background of these permanent pains, short-term piercing pains can occur. Patients complain of heart palpitations, a sensation of interruptions in the heart, a fading of the heart, a feeling that it is turning in the chest. For patients with neurocirculatory dystonia is characterized by a very imaginative and detailed description of their complaints.
In contrast to such a number of complaints made by patients, with objective, laboratory and instrumental examination of any signs of deviation from the norm can not be identified. In mild cases, there are minor violations of the rhythm of the heart, the emergence of functional systolic noise when listening to the heart.
The leading clinical sign of it is a moderate increase in systolic blood pressure at normal or slightly elevated diastolic pressure. Patients complain of a headache, dizziness, fast fatigue, poor performance, poor sleep. Often they are concerned about pain in the region of the heart, the nature of which is approximately similar to pain in neurocirculatory dystonia according to the cardial type.
When examining patients, attention is drawn to increased sweating;palms of such patients, as a rule, wet, cold. Expressed dermatografism( if you hold a sharp object on the skin of the anterior chest wall, it remains for a long time a bright band - the zone of spasm of the vessels of the skin).The heart rate, as a rule, tends to increase: up to 90-100 beats per minute;the pulse is labile.(The heart rate changes depending on the phases of breathing and when the position of the body changes).
Patients with neurocirculatory dystonia according to the hypertonic type should be distinguished from patients in the first stage of hypertensive disease. With hypertension, patients present significantly fewer complaints;for hypertensive disease is characterized by an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. With neurocirculatory dystonia there are no changes in the vessels of the fundus and signs of hypertrophy of the left ventricle.
The leading sign of this form of the disease is a decrease in blood pressure below 100/60 mm Hg.in men and 95/60 in women.
Patients complain of headaches, dizziness, general weakness, flies flies before the eyes, darkening in the eyes during a rapid transition from horizontal to vertical position. Often there are unpleasant sensations in the heart, irritability, emotional instability. When examining a patient, there are usually no pathological changes, except for lowering the level of blood pressure, is not found. Possible detection of a labile pulse, the tendency to reduce the heart rate to 60 beats per minute. There are no changes from the heart.
Treatment of neurocirculatory dystonia should be complex. It should necessarily include general strengthening measures. First of all, it is necessary to try to identify those factors that could contribute to the development of the disease, and eliminate their effects. Joint health and hygiene measures are used. Among them - metered physical exercises, normalization of the regime of work and rest, sanatorium-resort and physiotherapy treatment.
Autogenous training, acupuncture, acupressure, and also medicines normalizing nervous processes( preparations of a bromine, valerians, tranquilizers) can be effectively applied. Beta-adrenoblockers( obzidan, anaprilin, inderal, etc.) are prescribed as a means that can reduce the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the heart and blood vessels.
The doctor assigned tranquilizers:
1) elenium to 0,005-0,01 g 2 times a day;
2) diazepam 2.5-5 mg 2 times a day;
3) mebicard for 0.3-0.6 g 2-3 times a day.
Antidepressants:
1) amitriptyline at 5-75 mg per day;
2) melleril at 30-50 mg per day.
With pain syndrome:
1) valocordin;
2) Corvalol;
3) tincture of valerian;
4) nifedipine for 0.01 g 2-3 times a day.
With a pulse of more than 110-120 beats per minute - an anaprilin of 40-120 mg.
In the treatment of neurocirculatory dystonia by hypotonic type, in addition to general measures, drugs stimulating the central nervous system( magnolia vine, ginseng root, eleutherococcus, luring, strong tea, coffee) are used.
The complex of therapeutic measures includes physiotherapeutic measures: massage, therapeutic baths( coniferous, oxygen, salt, radon, hydrogen sulphide) and a circulatory shower.
In the event that there are foci of chronic infection, they should be sanitized.
Prevention of the disease should be started in early childhood. An important role is assigned to proper physical development, combating smoking and alcohol abuse, tempering the body, correct organization of work and rest, excluding the effects of adverse factors and psychotraumatic situations.