Causes and correction of hyperopia
Hyperopia is a pathology of refraction, in which the rays concentrate in the area behind the retina, so it produces a blurry image.
In patients at a young age, with the development of a weak degree of farsightedness, the image continues to focus on the retina due to the strain of the muscles of the eye. For different degrees of pathology, a different correction is required.
Causes of
development Hyperopia is weak, of medium and high degree. The manifestations of the disease classify the following varieties:
- Explicit - correlates with the development of constant tension in the ciliary muscle, when it can not relax at work and even at rest.
- Hidden - is detected due to medication paralysis of accommodation, with no symptoms.
- Complete - there are no obvious and hidden forms.
Hyperopia develops due to the lack of size of the eyeball. In addition, pathology is considered normal in newborns and in children under six due to the small eye fundus. Sometimes the disease persists at an older age and often does not manifest itself at all.
Correction of
Treatment of such a pathology as hyperopia is one of the most important sections in refractive ophthalmology. Correction of vision with hyperopia constantly improves its methods, therefore at the disposal of doctors there is a large arsenal of surgical methods using only the newest technological methods of conducting operations.
For each patient individually, a specific method of correction is established, taking into account the strength of the lesion at the time of examination, the way of life of a person, the nature of his work activity and the shortcomings and advantages of each method.
Contact correction is not often used in the process of eliminating farsightedness, as many patients become uncomfortable looking at them. Despite this, there is a frequent use of contact lenses, especially when strabismus occurs, as they increase the contrast of the resulting image, reduce the manifestations of astigmatism and improve the quality of life of the patient.
Recently, all thickets for correction of hyperopia are used by night lenses. When wearing them, any side effects are excluded, in contrast to wearing soft contact lenses - allergic reactions, oxygen starvation in the cornea, a low degree of hygiene.
Physiotherapy procedures in the treatment of hyperopia take not the last place. To do this, carry out such manipulations as massage of the collar area, laser therapy. To maintain eye health two times a year, it is necessary to take a course of biological supplements and vitamins. At home, it is advisable to watch TV in special perforating glasses, which reduce the strain of the muscles of the eyes.
Often, patients with hyperopia develop difficulties in the process of selecting contact lenses or glasses, as well as some difficulties with their portability. In such a situation, the only possible solution to the problem is surgical intervention in order to return a comfortable vision.
Correction of age-long-sightedness is necessary to change the optical force in the eye in order to focus the image on the retina, and not behind it. Thanks to surgical methods, hundreds of thousands of patients with farsightedness have a chance to see the world again with their own eyes. Each method of surgical intervention has both advantages and disadvantages. Exact treatment is prescribed only by a specialist.
Surgical treatment of hyperopia implies surgery in the disease process or laser correction of farsightedness is organized. Surgical treatment, regardless of the technique used, is the most effective and quickest way to restore normal vision. Surgical correction, as a rule, continues for several minutes under local anesthesia, after which the patient is discharged home on the day of surgery. In the process of such treatment, the refractive properties on the farsighted eye are enhanced. For each method, there are separate indications and contraindications.
One of the most frequently performed surgical operations is the replacement of the lens with farsightedness. Lenticular removal differs from other methods in that it is performed on the cornea of the eye. Instead of changing the shape in the cornea, the lens is removed, which is replaced by an artificial one.
This operation is also suitable for the removal of cataracts, except that a clear, not a cloudy lens is removed. These manipulations are also organized on an outpatient basis through a small incision. The lens is removed by ultrasound and an intraocular lens of a suitable optical force is placed in its place. It does not require suturing, and vision is restored in the next 24 hours. The operation is performed to correct farsightedness regardless of the degree of its development, but this method is more suitable for patients over forty years of age, since they have a disruption in the ability to produce accommodation processes.
Prevention of the development of pathology
As you know, any disease is much easier to prevent than to treat it. In this regard, the prevention of age-long-sightedness remains as important as the treatment of pathology, especially in cases where people are predisposed to the development of hyperopia. As a preventive measure, the following rules should be adhered to:
- Proper organization of the rest and labor regime - it is important to follow the alternation of physical and visual loads on the body, perform special exercises for the eyes every thirty to forty minutes of continuous visual activity.
- The organization of suitable lighting for the workplace - this applies to both general and local light.
- Passage of continuous monitoring from an ophthalmologist, even in the absence of complaints - at least once a year.
Complications of the development of hyperopia
To treat farsightedness is required without fail in order to timely detect and eliminate complications. Complications of this pathology include: friendly or converging strabismus, amblyopia, the risk of developing serious inflammatory lesions of the eyelids, cornea and conjunctiva, in connection with which, a poorly seeing person begins to often squint.
With prolonged absence of necessary treatment and correction of hyperopia, as well as with constant strain of the muscles of the affected eye, blepharitis develops - simple or scaly.