How to make walls from the inside and outside with your own hands

Every person wants to have a cozy house, and in order for the house to be cozy, it must be warm. To ensure heat in the apartment and the house you need two components: heat insulation and a source of heating. It is the issue of thermal insulation of walls, we will devote this article.

In this article we will consider the following questions:

How to make the insulation of the walls

What insulation to produce: external or internal

How to insulate the wall from the inside

How to insulate the walls from outside

What is necessary to make the walls warm

Now quite often most people make the walls warming. Someone thinks this is effective and it is so, but someone considers it a simple waste of money, in view of the facts of its inefficiency.

The effectiveness of insulation depends on several factors. What are these factors? First of all, walls must be insulated in those places where it is really necessary, in other words, if the walls of your house initially kept the heat perfectly, then the effect of warming is unlikely to be felt. The second factor to consider is the proper insulation technology, that is, if the walls of your home needed warming, and the insulation was made with the admission of mistakes, then there might not be a positive effect. Which of this can be inferred?- Warming walls should be done when there is a need and a sufficient amount of knowledge in this area.

instagram viewer

Quite often the mistake of many people is that they focus all efforts on heating the housing, but not on maintaining this heat - and this is wrong. It is established that the "cold walls" take up to 30% of the room heat, and, therefore, the heat index in the apartment will increase exactly as the walls are warmed. In the insulation of the apartment, the positive dynamics will be replaced by old windows and the insulation of the balcony. Due to this you can save a lot of money on costs for light and gas, especially if you use individual sources of heating.

It is recommended to make the walls warming also when they are dying and the fungus forms on them, or when the wall freezes through. There are no other ways to solve these problems.

What kind of insulation to produce: external or internal

If you have made a decision to make the walls insulated, you will probably wonder - where to insulate the walls: inside or outside. The best way to warm the walls is external insulation, since it will insulate the wall itself, and not its interior, which is in the apartment. In addition, making external insulation of walls you do not take away the useful area of the room, as it will be with internal insulation. If, for some reason, you can not make external insulation of the walls, then in this case, the only option is the internal insulation of the walls. Such reasons may be the proximity of two houses, where there is no way to reach the wall, or living on the upper floors, where self-insulation of walls is impossible without the use of special approaches.

Now let's look at how to make walls from the inside and outside.

How to insulate the wall from inside

Than to warm the walls in the apartment

For the insulation of the walls of the apartment from the inside, most often use the following materials: polystyrene, polystyrene or mineral wool( minvat).In turn, we recommend making insulation with expanded polystyrene, as it is an excellent material with the best thermal insulation properties, and besides, it is resistant to moisture, which is very good for internal insulation material.

For insulation of walls with polystyrene or styrofoam from inside, it is necessary:

Primer( antifungal);

Styrofoam or expanded polystyrene;

Painting mesh;

Adhesive mixture on cement basis;

Fixings for insulation sheets( fungi);

Rotary hammer and drill of the appropriate diameter for the dowel of the fungus;

How is the internal insulation of the walls

Wall preparation

First of all, we need to completely clean the surface of the wall, which we will insulate: remove the old wallpaper coating or a layer of paint, dismantle the plinth, as well as the floor covering, so that the insulation is laid directly on the floor. After all these procedures, dust may settle on the wall, so it is better to wash it with a slightly damp cloth. If there is mold or fungus on the wall, they must be "removed" from the surface of the wall, you may need sandpaper for this.

So, when the wall is prepared it should be allowed to dry. After this, the wall must be primed with a deep penetration primer to prevent fungus formation between the wall and the heater. Apply the primer to the wall with a roller and brush. When the whole wall is treated with a primer, let it dry. It should be noted that when applying primer to the wall, the room should be well ventilated, therefore, it is recommended to open the window for this.

Laying of insulation

The next stage of work - the installation of insulation. The procedures for installing foam and polystyrene foam are the same, so the method described below is suitable for laying both one and the other insulation. Laying insulation is made from the bottom, from the corner. We mount the insulation in the following way: in the vertical position, press the first sheet of insulation to the insulated and side wall, then make a through hole with a perforator in the wall, into the hole made, drive in the fixing fungus, inside which there is a dowel. The hat of the fungus must be firmly pressed against the heater and should not protrude beyond its surface. In the same way, we fix the remaining sheets of heat-insulating material in the same way. As a rule, one sheet of insulation requires 4-5 fungi. Laying sheets is unlikely. When you reach the edge of the wall, it is possible that the whole sheet of insulation can not be laid, as there will be too little distance between the last sheet of insulation and the corner wall. To do this, measure this distance and measure it on the insulation sheet, then with a construction knife or hacksaw we cut it and fix it to the wall.

When the lower row of insulation is laid - go to the installation of the second row. Laying the second and subsequent rows of insulation is also made close to the side wall and to the lower layer of insulation. Take into account that there should be no gaps between the insulation sheets, it is necessary that they are tightly pressed against each other. What else should be noted in the laying procedure, is the laying of the last row of insulation. For sure, for this you will need to customize the insulation sheets to the ceiling, so if there is little space left, it is more logical to lay the sheets horizontally. After the installation of the insulation we make the finishing.

Finishing the surface of the insulation

The next stage of the insulation of the walls - the surface finish of the insulation. Finishing is carried out in three stages: applying a glue mixture, inserting a painting net into it and leveling the surface.

For some reason, the use of a molar grid, when they make the walls warmed by their own hands, is often neglected. Maybe this is related to the desire to save money, but we recommend using a paint net after finishing, as it is necessary to prevent cracks on the surface of the finishing layer, especially at the joints of insulation sheets, and it will also provide a better qualityadhesion of the adhesive mixture to the surface of the insulation. Therefore, we advise you not to neglect this procedure.

As already mentioned above, the surface finish of the wall is made using a cement-based adhesive. The thickness of the applied layer should be several millimeters. We apply a layer of the mixture vertically, as the laying of the mesh net will be carried out in this way. The width of the applied layer should be 10 cm less than the width of the paint net. This is necessary in order for the next vertical row of the grid to go to the previous one by 10 cm. After the first row has been laid, proceed to the second and subsequent. When the primary finish of the surface is completed and the glue is dry, we proceed to finish the finish.

Finishing finish

In order to prepare the wall surface for wallpapering or painting, it is necessary to apply a layer of putty on it. Before applying the putty, the surface of the wall is recommended to be covered with a primer layer to ensure good adhesion of the cementitious cementitious mixture and the putty.

This is the procedure for wall insulation from the inside is completed.

How to insulate walls from outside

Now let's consider: how and what is the external insulation of the walls. Warming of the walls from the outside, as in internal insulation, produce the same materials: mineral wool, foam or polystyrene foam. As for the mineral wool, it requires a more complicated installation procedure than foam and styrofoam. Insulation of walls from outside with expanded polystyrene or polystyrene is the best option, as these materials( especially polystyrene foam), as mentioned above, have excellent thermal insulation properties, and are very resistant to moisture, which is very suitable for external conditions. It is about this method of warming that we will describe below.

Preparation of the wall surface

The installation of expanded polystyrene or polystyrene is carried out according to the same principle as for internal insulation.

The preparation of the wall surface consists of two stages: cleaning and priming. Wall cleaning is used, as a rule, in panel houses, in which the surface of the plates was painted and eventually the paint began to peel off. Also, it is recommended to clean the wall, if it was applied to the so-called "coat" - a decorative insulating layer, which over time began to crack and crumble. When the surface of the wall is cleaned - we primethe it and wait for complete drying. Please note that insulation work must be carried out in dry and windless weather, at temperatures from +5 to +30 degrees.

Laying of insulation

When the surface of the wall is ready, we proceed to the procedure for installing heat insulation material. Laying of the heater starts from the top, in horizontal rows. Fastening of foam or expanded polystyrene is also carried out with the help of fungi. Take into account that the insulation sheets should go at least 5 cm behind the level of the joints of the panel slabs, if you live in a panel house - this is necessary in order to insulate the seams. If you live in a brick house, then the insulation must go beyond the perimeter of your apartment from the outside. At the locations of the windows and at the end of the rows we cut the insulation to the required dimensions. To fix the heater used about 5 fungi per sheet.

Finishing works

In contrast to internal insulation works, with external, finishing works are made somewhat differently. First of all, the seams of the joints of the heater are sealed with mounting foam, for this some installers in these places make special grooves to seal these seams well. When the mounting foam dried out, cut it.

Further, with the help of paint tape, we make the finishing of seams, this must be done so that in this area there are no cracks. To do this, we apply a thin layer of adhesive mixture and then we paste in it the painting tape. After finishing the seams, we turn to the finish of the entire area of the insulation.
For complete finishing of the surface of the insulation we need an adhesive mixture and a paint net, do not confuse it with the paint tape. This procedure is carried out in the same way as in the case of internal insulation: a small area of the insulation is applied with an adhesive mixture in which the painting net is heated. Apply the mixture better in small areas so that it does not dry out until you are busy with the previous section. Next, we make the installation of a visor made of stainless steel to ensure the discharge of water. To prevent moisture from remaining on the surface of the heater, it is advisable to make the visor at an angle of 45 degrees so that the water runs down.

For giving a beautiful appearance, the surface is recommended to be painted in any color you like, with paint for outdoor work.