Estimation of conditions of growth of garden crops
The limiting factor for the growth of fruit crops in low places( especially in peaty soils) is the high level of standing of groundwater.
Fruit trees grow successfully in areas where the groundwater level is not closer than 3-4 m to the soil surface, and for berry crops it can rise up to 1-2 m.
Soils in the garden area should provide good aerated and water permeability to a depth of at least 1 m.
If the horticulturist wants to assess the "well-being" of his garden( and a specific culture) on the site, then we need to use the table. The table shows 13 factors affecting the growth and development of fruit crops. Some of the factors are not amenable to regulation, but optimize some gardener under the force. The actual state of a particular garden plantation is determined by adding points for each factor and the resulting number will mean the conditional degree of "well-being" in percentage, since the maximum score, corresponding to favorable growth conditions, is 100.
The main factors of poor growth and fruiting of fruit crops
| No. | Factors | Factor factors( from normal to favorable) | Effect of the factor( signs of manifestation) | Score * | Adverse effects measures |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 1. | Location, plot | south, southwest | 10 | 1.Thermal application of fertilizer lows for the winter 2. Rational application of fertilizers | |
| west, northwest | 7 | ||||
| east, southeast | 5 | ||||
| north, northeast | Winter tree damage | 4 | |||
| 2. | Groundwater location | normal | 8 | 1. Landingon the mounds. 2. Saplings on the vegetatively propagated rootstocks of the . 3. Inoculation to the crown of trees bearing flooding. | |
| close. | . Root death, poor shoot growth **, "dryness" | 5 | |||
| 3. | Soil and subsoil type | loam, clay | 9 | 1Correct filling of the landing pit 2. Rational application of fertilizers | |
| peat | 6 | ||||
| sand | root freezing, poor growth of shoots | 3 | |||
| 4. | Soil acidity | close to alkaline weak acid | 5 4 | Soil liming | |
| acid | slagfirst shoot growth | 3 | |||
| 5. | protection portion by good wind |
| 4 | 1. Planting using stakes( trellis) 2. Planting forest trees for protection against wind | |
|
| 3 | ||||
| no | average slope trees, branches draining | 2 |
| 6. | Quality of seedlings( root system condition) | good | 6 | 1. Planting with annual seedlings 2. Selecting seedlings by root system | |||
| average | 5 | ||||||
| poor | poor shoot growth, death of shoots, death of trees | 4 | |||||
| 7. | Quality of plantingroot of cervix) | tree planted normally | 6 | 1. Soak the soil off the trunk 2. Raise the whole tree | |||
| tree buried | weakened growth, bark burrow | 5 | |||||
| 8. | The winter hardiness of | is high( old | 10 |
|
|
| 6 |
| 9. |
|
| Phase Soil Moisture Freshness | Sprouting Leaf and Freezing | 6 | 1
| |
|
| |||||||
|
| 5 | ||||||
|
| 4 | ||||||
|
| 4 | ||||||
|
| 4 | ||||||
|
| Late spring and whitewashed boles and trunks | is | 8 | 1. Obligation of the pobLCI 2. Wound healing garden pitch | |||
| no | frost-crack on the trunks and branches, bark cracking | 5 | |||||
| 11. | weather during flowering | good | 10 | 1. Shelter various materials 2. Attracting bees. 3. Fighting frosts | |||
| medium | 7
| ||||||
| poor( t air 10 ° C, rain, spring freezing) | poor fruit tie, damage to flowers and ovaries | 4 |
| 12. | varieties pollinators | have | 8 | 1. Planting different varieties |
| no | bad zavyazyvaemost | 5 | 2. Artificial pollination of fruit | |
|
| flowers | |||
| 13. | protection | pests have | 10 | 1. Use resistant |
| and | disease no | decrease in growth force, | 5 | to diseases of variety |
| decrease in yield | 2. Take a set of measures | |||
| of pest control and | ||||
| diseases |