Bob Vegetable
General information: Bob - one of the ancient-1 type of vegetable plants, known even in ancient Greece and Rome. In our country it is grown from about VI-VII it. Bob has thick fleshy leaves, stalk pit, non-covering, branching at the base, naked, tetrahedral or round, height from 20 to 180 cm and above. Leaves are complex, ending with a point. Flowers in short brushes, white with a black spot and without a spot, fragrant. Fruits in length from 4 to 30 cm contain 3-4 seeds, sit on 1-4 in the leaf node. Valves of fruit at a young age are green, fleshy, in ripe - dark brown, leathery, glabrous or soft, soft.
Requirements: bob is a cold-resistant, moisture-demanding plant. Of the best soils for it are heavy clayey and loamy with a neutral reaction, fertilized with manure. On light low humus soil, the bean plants suffer and grow smaller. It is very picky vegetable bean to the presence of moisture in the soil. The best predecessors are potatoes, corn, beets and cucumbers. In the fall, fresh manure( 30-40 kg / m2) and phosphorite flour( 50-60 g / m2) are introduced under the digging, in the spring, when the ground has not thawed out, 15-20 g of potassium chloride and 10-15 grams of ammonium nitratefor 1 m2.
Ingredients: The main nutritional value of this culture is its high protein content( 24-37 %, that excels even green peas), which include a wide range of essential amino acids. Fleshy leaves and bean seeds are also rich in pectin, sugars, vitamins A, B, ascorbic acid, starch and other nutrients.
Cultivation: beans are sown at the earliest possible time( end of April - beginning of May).Seeds before sowing are soaked for 2 hours( no longer, as they can bend).Sow with an interval between rows of 50-60 cm, between seeds 12-15 cm to a depth of 6-8 cm. Often beans are sown in the rows of potatoes or cucumbers, which has a favorable effect on their yield.
The most common varieties in our country are: Russian black - mid-day. Before reaching consumer ripeness takes 60-65 days. The height of the plant is 50-60 cm, the stem forms 1-3 branches. The beans are slightly curved, 7-8 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, the seeds are dark purple, almost black, immature - green.
Belarusian - mid-term. Maturation occurs 70 days after planting, the stem weakly branched. Beans are straight, cracking when ripe. Seeds are light brown. Windsor Greens - is mid-ripening. Beans are wide, in each 2, rarely 3 seeds. The valves are fleshy. Seeds are green, very large.
Care: before the emergence of the soil loosen the rake, then spend inter-row processing hoes to a depth of 8-12 cm, hilling the plants with the second and third loosening until they reach a height of 50-60 cm. During flowering and fruiting, beans need to be watered abundantly.
Harvesting: the beans are removed when the seeds are almost completely developed, but they still do not lose tenderness and do not form a black groove near the place of attachment to the fetus.
Beans are first removed at the bottom of the stem. They break out, the seeds are released from the valves and used.
Use: young beans are eaten in boiled form, as well as for soups and borsch. Boiled beans in the skin help in the treatment of dysentery and other intestinal diseases, are a good remedy for nausea, have a curative effect when coughing. Flour from beans is used in inflammatory processes, a mixture of flour and honey is applied to abscesses.