Kinds of quince
There are not so many varieties of quince, and all of them can be divided into groups, depending on the principle of classification.
Early, middle and late maturation grades are distinguished by maturity.
To early grades include Graceful, Muscatine, to medium - Gurdjie Aiva, Krasno-Slobodskaya, Ktun-Zhum, Kuban, Lyubimaya, Teplovskaya, Amber, Krasnodar, to later - Grodno, VraniskaDenmark, Zubut-lien.
On the shape of the fruit, all varieties of quince are divided into varieties with apple-like fruits - Turunciuk, Fragrant, Golden and varieties with pear-shaped fruits - Beretsky, Champion.
vigorous varieties of quince - are distinguished according to the tree's habitus. Azerbaijan, Sovkhoznaya, Muscatnaya, Dessert, Crimean fragrant;medium-tall - Anzherskaya, Izobilnaya, Ispolinskaya, Amber, Turunchukskaya; sparse varieties - Soroca, Harvesting.
Care: methods and methods of care are similar to those used for apple trees.
Pruning: is the most characteristic biological feature of quince, which distinguishes it from other pomegranates, is fruiting on the shoots of the current year. The most productive branches are 15-30 cm long. Fruits are formed from axillary flowering buds. Short fruit branches up to 5 cm are unproductive and short-lived. Therefore, annual increments should be maintained at a level of 20-40 cm. Fruit-bearing trees with a growth of 40-50 cm only thin out, but the growths do not shorten. When pruning fruit trees, quinces are shortened only by thicker branches, seeking new growths and more fertile shoots. Before the fruiting, the quince tree is formed in the same way as the apple tree. Quince is characterized by sparse-tiered and cup-like forms of the crown, the latter is preferable for varieties on medium- and high-growth rootstocks with a wide-pyramidal type of crown. The cup-like shape of the crown with four skeletal branches, located at a distance of 15-20 cm from one another above the stem, is widely distributed. During the period of formation, the skeletal branches shorten and subordinate, since young plants tend to form increments of up to 1.5 m in length. Because quince is very photophilic, branches of the second order, which tend to thicken and darken the crown, are formed only in the lower tier. From the wolf shoots, it is possible to form semi-skeletal and overgrown branches, the old branches of quince cut out on the ring with sanitary trimming.
To give a quince the shape of a bush, the annual tree is shortened at a height of 50 cm from the ground, 4-5 are selected from the formed branches as skeletal branches and further formation of the tree crown is performed in accordance with the methods already described.
Harvest: for eating quince should be harvested as late as possible, in October or November, before frost, when the fruits begin to fall.
Usage: is a valuable raw material for the canning industry, jam, jelly, compotes, juices are prepared from it, used in marinated and dried form. In fresh form quince is not very palatable, but it is good in all kinds of processing. From her make fragrant candied fruits to add flavor to other types of processing of fruits and berries.
Pectic acid quince is used for medicinal purposes.
Since the yellow skin of the fetus is mostly covered with a grayish fuzz, quince should be wiped with a linen cloth before use.