tulips and daffodils
These are the leading bulbous plants, the agrotechnics and the flowering times of which have much in common. The best spring flowers in beauty and duration of preservation in the cut. Widely used also in gardening. Early varieties tend to bloom in late April. Mass flowering occurs in May.
During the cutting of tulips it is recommended to leave at least two leaves on the plant to ensure the normal development of the remaining bulb in the ground. The best time to cut a flower is a ready-to-bloom bud, on the eve of its full opening or on the first day of flowering, in the early morning hours, when the flower has not completely opened yet.
If tulips and daffodils are grown on a bulb, flowers are cut without a stem, as removing the peduncle with a part of the leaves reduces the quality of the bulb and reduces its size. Impurities, as well as stubborn plants are removed together with the bulb.
Infestation is a viral disease of tulips.
The outward sign of it is the appearance of light strips and strokes on the main background of the coloring of the flower. Such variegated flowers are very attractive, but insidious. Spreading, the disease can lead to the death of all plants. Therefore, during the vegetation of plants, it is necessary to periodically monitor their condition and timely destroy the sick and the stained. When mushroom diseases appear, and also for the purpose of prevention, plants are sprayed with fungicides - TMTD 2%, canthane 0.7% or polycarbacin 0.5%.
Tulips and daffodils multiply bulbs and babies bulbs. The best time for planting is the second half of September. The deadline for landing is October 5-10.Plant on the ridges( with a small number of bulbs) or furrows made by a hiller, a furrow cutter, etc. The depth of planting the bulbs is 10-12 centimeters. The distance between the bulbs is 12-15, between the rows on the ridges - 25, between grooves in the ordinary planting - 50-60 centimeters. A two-line landing is possible. In the case of arid autumn, post-planting watering is required. For the winter, a light shelter is required for fallen leaves, sawdust or peat.
Soil is prepared no later than a month before planting: make humus in the amount of 60-80 tons per hectare, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers of 120 kilograms of active substance and plow or dig at a depth of 25-30 centimeters. On heavy soils, sand or decomposed peat is used. Good results are the introduction of coarse-grained sand in the furrow, directly under the bulb.
Caring for plants consists of loosening the soil, removing weeds, fertilizing and watering, combating pests and diseases.
Dig up the bulbs in July. Within two or three weeks they are dried at a temperature of 20-25 °( but not in the sun!), Then placed in storage at a temperature of 15-17 ° and an air humidity of 70-80 percent. For the prevention of fungal diseases pollinated with TMTD dust at the rate of 5 grams of dust per 1 kilogram of bulbs.
Bulbs of tulips are recommended to be excavated annually, as a last resort in a year, narcissuses - in three-four years.
A necessary condition for the cultivation of tulips is the change of cultures. To the former place, tulips are returned no earlier than four to six years. Due to the ability of young bulbs to penetrate the soil, despite careful harvesting and deep plowing, the next year after the excavation there are numerous shoots that can cause clogging of newly planted varieties. In addition, tulips carry a large amount of nutrients out of the soil, which will help restore cultural turnover.
The best predecessors for bulbous cultures are sideral steam, as well as row crops( potatoes, vegetables) with the introduction of a high rate of organic fertilizer.
Accelerate the flowering of tulips and daffodils and protect the flowers from damage by frosts with the help of film shelter. For this purpose, in the 1,1-1,2 meter-wide ridges, wooden stakes 60 to 80 centimeters in height are driven in the center at a distance of 8-10 meters, between which a wire or a strong twine is pulled. Over the length of the ridge, about a meter, set the arcs of an 8-millimeter wire. The film is stretched from above, over which wire arcs are again placed. The ends of the film are attached to stakes or frames, its edges are covered with earth. In the middle of the day the shelters are ventilated. At the beginning of flowering, the film is removed.
You can use wooden frames of any size and shape in small areas of the flower bed or in the backyard for a film shelter.