The norm of total protein, and its definition
The importance of such an indicator as the norm of total protein can not be overestimated. The main "brick" in our body is protein. It underlies the construction of all cells and tissues and is about 20% of the total body weight. By its chemical structure - it is a complex polymer, consisting of amino acids.
Why is it necessary to determine a protein?
It is the protein that regulates the necessary volume of blood in the body, provides those basic rheological properties that allow carrying out its basic functions. Proteins help carry around the body the necessary substances, including vitamins, minerals, lipids, hormones. Actively takes part in immune defense, and nourishes the cells of the brain, and other important organs for maintaining vital organs and systems during the inadequate intake of nutrients.
Protein in normal blood, determined by the biuret method, is 65-85 g / l. In this case, albumins should be present in it in an amount from 51 to 61%.Almost all the rest is in the globulins. Minor traces of other protein fractions are practically irrelevant.
The norms of total protein have differences in age categories. In newborns from 48 to 73, up to a year 47-72, from one year to four - from 61 to 75, to 15 years of age - 52-85, and from 16 years and older - 65-85 g / l.
Deviation
The change in the amount of protein and the ratio of albumins and globulins is of great diagnostic value and is widely used to confirm a variety of diseases.
Abnormalities can indicate a variety of pathological processes. This refers to a change in protein metabolism, a violation of the balance of fluid and salts in the body, reveals acute inflammatory processes.
Minor abnormalities sometimes occur in certain conditions that are not associated with the disease. Hypoproteinemia( that is, reducing the total protein) often occurs during pregnancy, lactation, increased physical exertion, diets and starvation.
Some medications may also decrease or increase the level of this indicator: with hormone replacement hormone therapy, the use of glucocorticoids or oral contraceptives.
Increase in protein is much less common, and it can happen for the following reasons:
- Some infectious diseases.
- Autoimmune abnormalities.
- Oncology.
- Reduces the liquid part of the blood due to dehydration.
In the absence of any abnormalities, the protein index may increase due to a sudden transition of the patient during blood donation from horizontal to vertical position. This is also possible if the harness has been very tightly applied. Reception on the eve of the analysis of a large amount of protein food, can also affect the results.
By determining the total protein level and its individual components, you can not only determine the diagnosis, but also track the dynamics of the disease and the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment.
When the blood protein
is checked At the moment the biochemical analysis of the blood is carried out quite widely, but the most serious indications for it are:
- Infections( both acute and chronic).Diseases of the kidney or liver.
- Cancer.
- Systemic pathologies.
- Burns, traumatic lesions.
- Disturbances in nutrition.
- Preventive studies.
Such an analysis is performed only on an empty stomach, in the morning. Blood is taken from the vein, in a sitting position. In order to get reliable results, it is recommended not to smoke for half an hour before the examination, and on the eve of not drinking juices, drinking coffee, strong tea and dairy products.
Blood test for protein should be interpreted only by an experienced specialist. And if there are even minor deviations, and there are no clinical symptoms, you should consult a specialist for advice, and if necessary, also for additional studies and treatment. Timely access to a doctor for any disease can guarantee a rapid recovery of protein levels to its normal levels.
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