There are two main types of chromosome mutations: numerical chromosomal mutations and structural chromosomal mutations. In turn, numerical mutations are divided into aneuploidy, when mutations ...

Hereditary diseases of the respiratory system Hereditary diseases of the respiratory system are, according to different authors, from 51 to 35% of the total number of patients with lung di...

The peculiar form of oligophrenia was described by L. Down in 1866. The author noted a sharp decrease in intelligence, combined with the characteristic appearance of people and various developmen...

Myocarditis is a lesion of the heart muscle caused by inflammation. As shown by numerous observations, in children with myocarditis in the process are almost always involved at the same time, all...

Ebstein's anomaly is a malformation of the tricuspid valve. The frequency of its occurrence is 0.5-0.7% of all congenital heart defects. The first description of this defect belongs to Ebstein...

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic allergic skin disorder that develops in people with a genetic predisposition to allergies. Atopic dermatitis occurs with periodic exacerbations, has age specific...

The defect of the aorto-pulmonary septum causes communication between the adjacent parts of the aorta and the pulmonary artery trunk. Other names: aortopulmonary septal defect, partial arteria...

Congenital mitral valve insufficiency as an isolated developmental malformation is 0.6% of all heart defects. Often it is an integral part of an open atrioventricular canal, corrected transpos...

The syndrome of hypoplasia( underdevelopment) of the left ventricle refers to a rare congenital heart disease. The essence of this disease lies in the formation of a reduced left ventricular c...

Corrected transposition of the main vessels refers to rare congenital heart defects. According to pathologists, its frequency is 0.4-1.2% of all congenital heart defects. However, manifesta...

With a single ventricle, both the valves from the atria( or the common valve) open into a single cavity, from which the aorta and pulmonary artery depart. There are different names of the defe...

Primary ciliary dyskinesia( the so-called fixed ciliary syndrome) is a group of diseases that are based on a genetically determined defect in the structure of the ciliated epithelium of the mucos...

Polycystic lung ( cystic hypoplasia) is a developmental disorder caused by intrauterine maldevelopment of lung tissue, vessels and bronchial tree with the formation of a large number of cavi...

The combination of hemosiderosis of the lungs and glomerulonephritis is Goodpasture's syndrome. Family cases of the disease are known. Cases of the disease in identical twins are described. ...

Cystic fibrosis ( cystic fibrosis of the pancreas) is a hereditary disease transmitted through the autosomal recessive type. The disease is caused by systemic damage to exocrine glands, both as...

Congenital lobar emphysema refers to malformations that occur primarily in early childhood. This defect is characterized by the stretching of the tissue of an entire lobe of the lung( less ...

Primary pulmonary hypertension includes increased pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, not associated with congenital or acquired cardiac and vascular pathol...

Congenital absence or underdevelopment of the lung is the most severe malformation of the respiratory system. Under agenesis understand the absence of the lung along with the main bronchus. Aplas...