Operations preparing the birth canal

Amniotomy - autopsy by the doctor of a fetal bladder. Normally a fetal bladder is opened under the pressure of the fetal head, when the cervix is ​​almost or completely opened. This procedure pro-

is found only in the presence of medical indications. For early amniotomy, these are:

1) a flat fetal bladder that prevents the development of contractions;

2) heart and vascular disease;

3) increased pressure in late complications of pregnancy;

4) kidney diseases( effluents help reduce uterine volume and stabilize blood pressure);

5) polyhydramnios when amniotic fluid is more than 1.5 liters, which is established by ultrasound. This amount of fluid leads to the stretching of the uterine muscles and can lead to a reduction in birth pain;

6) if the labor is weak, when the labor lasts more than 12 hours, the woman is mentally and physically tired, and the child is in a state of oxygen starvation;

7) when, when the cervix is ​​fully opened, the fetal bladder is not ruptured, so that premature detachment of the normally located placenta does not occur, as this can lead to fetal death in utero.

A qualified doctor who performs a puncture will never injure the soft tissues of the fetus. Bubble opening is performed at the peak of the

ki, at its maximum voltage. Gradually the hole widens, first one, then two fingers, the amniotic fluid is slowly released, so as not to lead to the prolapse of the umbilical cord. It is clear that behind all the actions wedged in the natural process of birth, there are undesirable consequences, and the specialist knows about this, so he will not do anything superfluous.

Episiotomy is a doctor's perineal dissection. In cases where, despite all the methods of midwife to protect the perineum, there are all signs of a threatening rupture, it is better to make a surgical incision than to admit a lacerated injury, because:

1) the site of the incision is preliminarily treated with an antiseptic agent, which reduces the degree of infection of tissues;

2) the incision is made at the height of the bout, so that the woman would not be so painful to endure the operation;

3) smooth edges of the wound quickly and well heal.

This type of supportive action is required:

1) Primary women over 35 years of age. They have soft perineal tissues lose their elasticity, increasing the risk of rupture;

2) with pelvic presentation;

3) at the birth of a large fetus with a large head;

4) to women with a very narrow passage of external genitalia;

5) to shorten the fetal birth period, in the presence of weakness of labor, bleeding, burdening diseases of the parturient woman. These include myopia, diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, late complications of pregnancy, increased blood pressure;

6) with a fetal impairment of the child's condition. Reduced heart rate indicates oxygen starvation of the fetus;

7) with preterm delivery;

8) to facilitate the passage of the fetus in the event of the threat of a rupture of the birth canal.

After treatment with an alcohol solution of iodine or another antiseptic of the perineal skin, the doctor inserts one part of the sterile scissors in the absence of an attempt and, by controlling the fingers located between the presenting part, the head or the pelvic end, and the vaginal wall, makes the incision already during the attempt, when the skin is as tight as possible. Scissors cut the fabric 2-3 cm at an angle.

Perineotomy. In , a vertical incision is performed in contrast to episiotomy. It is done when you are an

juicy crotch - a large distance from the anus to the entrance to the vagina. In maternity hospitals, perineotomy is often used at an angle of 30-40 ° as an operation that has the smallest percentage of complications. After 5-7 days, the sutures on the perineal skin dissolve, and the remaining strings themselves fall off. If a material that requires removal is placed on the closure of the incision, then the midwife will also remove it.