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Correction of occlusion: braces-system - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.

  • Correction of occlusion: braces-system - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.

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    Incorrect bite contributes not only to psychological discomfort, but also causes harm to health. Diseases of the gums, digestive system, caries, pathology of the temporomandibular joints, abnormal abrasion of the tooth tissues, biting of the lips or cheeks may be consequences of an incorrect bite.

    The most common causes of malocclusion are heredity, artificial feeding, sucking in pacifiers, upper respiratory tract diseases, and as a result, constant mouth breathing, bad habits( for example, sucking fingers and pencils).

    If earlier bite could only be corrected for children, now, with the advent of braces, it is possible to do this to adults.

    Indications for the use of bracket systems:

    1. Anomalies of individual teeth;
    2. Anomalies of dentition and occlusion in the period of forming and formed permanent bite of teeth;
    3. Preparing the oral cavity for prosthetics;
    4. Improve face aesthetics, profile correction;
    5. Removal of the retreaded( not cut) teeth in the dental arch;
    6. Corpus moving of teeth.

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    Contraindications of bracket systems:

    1. Poor hygiene of the oral cavity( lack of skills for double brushing of teeth);
    2. Presence of petioles on tooth enamel, cracks;
    3. Untreated tooth decay;
    4. Multiple seals, artificial crowns;
    5. Abuse of sugar-containing foods and beverages;
    6. Mental illness;
    7. Allergy to the materials used;
    8. Heavy general-somatic diseases.

    What is a multibanding system( bracket system)?

    This is a standard system, which includes a set of braces, orthodontic rings, arcs and various additional elements.

    Bracket system

    The bracket itself consists of four hooks and a support pad, to which a special net is soldered.

    Braces can be made of stainless steel, plastic, ceramics, composite material, sapphire, gold.

    Metal braces are the most durable and affordable, but well visible to other people. Treatment with metal braces is usually the fastest.

    Metal bracelet

    The least noticeable surrounding sapphire and ceramic braces Sapphires are constructed from crystals of artificial sapphires. Such braces look like precious stones, give the smile a special charm.

    Sapphire braces Ceramic braces

    Gold braces

    Plastic brackets come in different colors, even transparent. Because of their low strength, correction of the occlusion can take a little time. Among the aesthetic braces the most reliable and strong - ceramic.

    Gold braces are usually made not of pure gold, but of steel, gold is simply covered. As a rule, they do not cause allergies in the patient. This type of braces is often used to emphasize the image of a person or his status. Women choose them as decorations. But everyone has their own notions of beauty.

    Types of bracket systems.

    Currently, two multi-budding systems are widely used:
    1. Vestibular - braces are fixed on the vestibular surface of the teeth. This is the most popular and affordable type of braces, which are effectively used in the treatment of malocclusion. In this case, the braces are noticeable and at first provide discomfort to the lips and cheeks, serve as additional retention elements for plaque on the teeth.

    Braces on the vestibular surface of the teeth

    2. Lingual - the braces are fixed from the oral side of the tooth crowns.

    Braces on the oral surface of the teeth

    This system is the most modern, today more expensive and laborious than vestibular.

    Advantages of lingual technology:

    1. It does not break the aesthetics of the face and smile;
    2. Reduces the possibility of tooth decay with caries on the vestibular( external) surface of the teeth;
    3. To a lesser extent, worsens the condition of oral hygiene compared with vestibular technique;
    4. Does not change the profile and contour of the lips;
    5. Lingual braces are completely invisible.

    The distance between the lingual braces is smaller than between the vestibular braces, and the wire arcs are working more aggressively, which significantly shortens the duration of the active treatment period.

    Individual approach is an important component of orthodontic treatment, therefore the bracket system is selected individually. Throughout the course of orthodontic treatment, it needs constant adjustment and adjustment.

    If you are shown braces and you decided to install them yourself, you should know that a competent orthodontist, correction of teeth bite always begins with a thorough diagnosis of the patient. For this, panoramic images of the jaws, TRG( teleradiography), temporomandibular joint images, analysis of the gypsum models of the jaws are made, possible causes of defects are identified, and only after the detailed analysis the orthodontist determines the most optimal way to correct the occlusion.

    Before the installation of braces, it is necessary to prepare the oral cavity, namely: to cure caries, to make a professional cleaning of teeth( remove dental plaque and stone from the surface of the teeth), cover the teeth with fluorine lacquer. It should be remembered that when wearing braces professional cleaning of teeth will need to be done every 3-6 months. And if there are concomitant diseases of periodontal tissues( gingivitis, periodontitis), then before the beginning of orthodontic treatment, during and after its termination, supportive treatment is necessary for the doctor-periodontist.

    What can not be done by a happy owner of the bracket system?

    You can not bite and gnaw:
    • Chips, cookies, nuts, wafers, bread, chewing gums, becausethey stick to the brackets and then they are difficult to clean.
    • Hard drying, bagels, crackers can break the arc or break braces.
    • Caramels, toffee, lollipops - contribute to the development of multiple tooth decay.
    • Apples, carrots, any hard vegetables and fruits, hard meat and any products that require biting should be cut into small pieces and eat in this form.

    Also NOT:

    • Eat very cold or hot dishes. A sharp temperature drop can lead to the detachment of brackets, to worsen the properties of the arc;
    • When treating aesthetic braces, do not abuse coffee, tea, coloring products, braces may become stained.

    How to properly care for teeth, which have braces?

    Teeth must be cleaned after each meal, with the correct technique it takes at least 10 minutes. It's easier to do this in front of a mirror, you can control yourself.

    For this you need special orthodontic and single-beam brushes, a brush.

    Orthodontic toothbrush and

    single tooth toothbrush The orthodontic toothbrush has a "V" shaped brush that is designed to clean braces( below and above them) with a wire, thereby facilitating and improving the quality of tooth cleaning.

    The single-head brush cleans the braces and the cervical part of the tooth well.

    Dental brushes need to clean the spaces under the arc.

    Using a toothbrush to clean the space under the arc

    We must not forget about the "superfloze".In this case, the thread must be stretched between the teeth and clean the side surfaces.

    Using superfloos to clean gaps between teeth

    To finish the procedure for cleaning the mouth, rinse with a rinse aid with fluoride to strengthen the enamel of the teeth.

    The timing of the braces treatment depends on many factors: the state of the parodontal tissues, the age of the patient, the complexity of the occlusion. Usually this period lasts from 7 months to 2 years, but it can take longer. In the process of orthodontic treatment, it will be necessary to visit your orthodontist on average once a month.

    After completing the correction of dentoalveolar anomalies, it is necessary to keep the result achieved for a long time, removable and non-removable retention devices or containers can be used for this.

    Installation bracket system.

    After preliminary preparation of the oral cavity proceed directly to gluing the braces. On the teeth, braces are fastened with special dental materials( glass ionomer cements, photocurable or chemical composites).Braces allow you to move your teeth, for this you need to activate them, but in the next visit.

    Activation bracket system means bringing it into working order. The force to move the tooth bracket receives from the arc, fixed in it, which combines them into a single system. During the treatment of the bracket system, it will require regular activation due to changes in the position of the teeth. It is conducted by the treating orthodontist at least once a month.

    Changing the arc of the bracket system.

    The arc braces of the system are curved in the shape of the right dentition. In the treatment process, periodic changes in the arc are necessary to change the orthodontic effort.

    Re-fixing bracket, ring.

    Often when wearing braces they are unstuck, in this case it is necessary to inform the attending doctor about this and reinstall them. If you do not do it in time, you will lose time, because when you uncheck even one element, the whole system stops working.

    In the first couple of days after the installation of the bracket system, discomfort and even pain in the area of ​​the teeth may occur, cheeks and lips can be injured. To facilitate the habituation to brackets during this period, they can be glued with special dental wax.

    Complications of braces treatment.

    If you follow all the recommendations of the doctor with the use of modern braces complications in the treatment, as a rule, does not arise.

    When braces of the old generations are used, caries under the braces may appear( after removal), no effect of treatment.

    Photo correction of the bite of the braces "before and after":

    BEFORE brace treatment AFTER the treatment with braces

    Doctor dentist Mashchonok Yulia Valerievna