Treatment of the revitalization of the body( elementary resuscitation) by folk remedies and methods

Resuscitation( revitalization) is the restoration of vital body functions( first of all, respiration and circulation).

Usually, in all circumstances, death never comes at once - it is always preceded by a time or transition state, called terminal. In one case, the terminal state lasts a second, in the other - hours and days. Everything depends on the degree of damage to vital organs and body systems. In addition, changes that occur in the body when dying, do not immediately become irreversible and can often be eliminated with timely assistance.

There are 2 types of death - clinical and biological.

Clinical death. In the period of clinical death there are no external signs of vital activity - cardiac activity and respiration. Functions of the central nervous system fade. But in tissues metabolic processes are still preserved, although their intensity is reduced. Energy resources of the brain are usually exhausted after 5-6 minutes( under normal conditions).After that, a full restoration of the vital functions of the human body is no longer possible due to the development of irreversible processes in organs and tissues, primarily in the cells of the brain and nervous system. Clinical death passes into biological death.

In biological death, changes in the body are irreversible.

All resuscitation activities are usually conducted in a small time interval between clinical and biological death, when the patient is in a terminal state. Therefore, several minutes that separate clinical death from biological death should be used completely. There should be no room for conversation, panic and confusion, as further minimal, but timely provided assistance can be much more effective than all medical activities that will be provided later. Therefore, knowledge of the basic methods of resuscitation for each of us is simply necessary.

Indications for resuscitation can include all types of severe injuries, sudden arrest of blood circulation, respiratory failure, anaphylactic shock, electric shock, drowning, suffocation, poisoning, etc.

Signs of sudden cardiac arrest are loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, threadlike, barelypalpable pulse, low( or undetectable) blood pressure, pale skin and visible mucous membranes. In cases of acute respiratory failure, there is an increase in the number of cardiac contractions, frequent and stopping of breathing, sweating. In each individual case, first aid is determined by the cause that caused these phenomena, but always with a sudden stop of blood circulation and breathing, one must do artificial respiration and closed heart massage. These activities are held before the arrival of emergency specialist assistance, and they can not be stopped within 15-20 minutes. If during this time the breathing does not recover and the heart does not start working again, then further measures can be considered useless, since irreversible changes occur in the brain tissue, which is very sensitive to lack of oxygen. The goal of all resuscitation measures is to keep the brain alive.

Before starting resuscitation, it is important to properly put the patient.

Stacking the patient. Before the resuscitation, the patient must be placed on the floor or any hard, level surface. A pillow is not placed under the head, but a hard roller is made, made of clothes or blankets. The head of the patient should hanging back, reaching the level of the shoulders. Clothing on it should be unbuttoned, especially in the neck and chest.

One of the first conditions that must be met when carrying out resuscitation is airway cleaning. For this, the patient needs to open his mouth and clean the airways. Open the mouth of the victim and push his lower jaw out like this: the first fingers of both hands are located in the hollow of the lower lip, both index and middle - in the angle of the lower jaw;

with index and middle fingers push the lower jaw forward until the bottom row of teeth is in front of the upper row;

lifts the lower jaw and supports it during the entire period of resuscitation.

It is imperative to look at the patient or injured in the mouth to make sure that nothing interferes with normal breathing. Breathing can be impeded by a tongue that "sticks" to the back wall of the pharynx, particles of vomit, small object or food, dentures, mucus, saliva. All foreign bodies( and dentures) are removed from the oral cavity by the index finger of the right hand, wrapped in a piece of gauze or bandage. At the same time, it is necessary to act carefully so as not to accidentally push foreign bodies further into the pharynx and trachea.

Then it is necessary to check the nasal passages of the victim. This is especially true for young children, since they basically breathe through the nose, and if the nose is clogged, it will significantly worsen the breathing and resuscitation capabilities.

Once the airways have been checked and cleaned, you need to make sure that the victim is breathing. Pay attention to the chest( it should go up and down), listen to the breath and try to feel it on your face. To verify the presence of nasal breathing, a small piece of fleece can be attached to the nostrils of the patient, which will move with breathing. Breathing can be superficial and difficult to perceive, so when you define it, you must be very careful. If you do not catch any signs of breathing using the above methods, you can try to check its presence with a small mirror, raised to your lips. If the mirror is misted, then the patient is breathing.

If there is no natural breathing, then, without losing a second, proceed with artificial respiration.

Before this, you need to tilt the patient's head and raise your chin to open the natural airway.

If a sick or injured person is a child under 4 years of age, then with artificial respiration you should close your mouth and nose with your mouth. If the patient is older, then, making artificial mouth-to-mouth breathing, be sure to pinch his nostrils with your thumb and index finger so that the air does not come out.

There are many methods of artificial respiration, but the best are two - mouth to mouth and mouth to nose.

These methods are very simple and do not require any special equipment or special knowledge, so they are available to everyone.

The mouth-to-mouth breathing technique is as follows: press your lips to the victim's mouth and inhale air into his lungs 5 ​​times. The inhalation should be so strong that the victim's chest rises, as happens with a deep breath. After each breath, take your mouth off his lips. You need to constantly monitor the chest of the person you are helping. If it rises, then the air exhaled by you gets into the airway of the victim.

Injection of air must be rapid and abrupt. At the same time, the rescuer is on his knees. With one hand he clamps the nostrils of the patient, and the other supports the lower jaw. Exhalation is passive.

Initially, the respiratory rate should be large( up to 20 breaths per minute).After 1-2 minutes, the frequency of breathing should be reduced to 15-16 times per minute. Evidence of the effectiveness of ventilation is the appearance of exhaled from the lungs sick air.

Simultaneously with artificial respiration, external heart massage should be performed. The compression rate of the chest is about 60 times per minute. With external massage of the heart, with both hands, rhythmically press the lower part of the sternum in such a way that each squeezing brings it closer to the spine by 4-5 centimeters.

The strength of depression on the chest depends on the age of the victim. When assisting an adult, this force should be 30-50 kg, while helping the child - much less. Indirect massage of the heart to the infant is generally done with two fingers.

If one person resuscitates, then after every 15 compressions, stop the chest massage to make two exhalations "mouth to mouth".It is much more convenient if two people help the victim. One makes artificial mouth-to-mouth breathing, the other - an indirect heart massage.

The effectiveness of resuscitation is determined by the appearance of a pulse on the radial( passes on the wrist in the direction from the thumb to the elbow bend on the outside), sleepy( passes in the neck area on both sides of the trachea, and it can be palpated by slightly pressing in this place with two fingers) orfemoral( passes through the inner surface of the thigh) artery, the disappearance of cyanosis and pallor of the skin. If the victim begins to breathe on his own, his face gradually turns pink, the pupils narrow, the movements of the eyeballs appear.

Note: The strongest pulse is in the region of the carotid artery. In the infant, the carotid artery is short, so it is more difficult to find the pulse. If you have not been able to feel the pulse on the carotid artery, try to find a humerus pulse( it is searched on the inside of the upper limb in the middle between the elbow and the shoulder).Usually the pulse is felt with two fingers. If you do not have the skills to find him, you need to practice in advance on the child and the adult. It always comes in handy.

When providing resuscitation assistance to a child, indirect heart massage is done at a rate of 100 per minute( 3 clicks in 2 seconds).Then give the child one breath( mouth-to-mouth, and for the baby - mouth to mouth and nose).Then repeat all the elements of animation. Press the baby on his chest 5 times, then draw one breath. When resuscitation of an infant is necessary to remember his fragility and that the child's heart is the size with his fist. With external massage, the heart is pressed with two fingers at a point below the nipple line at the thickness of one finger. Press down 5 times and inhale.

You should always remember that before you started the resuscitation, the more chances you have to save a person.

Resuscitation should be continued until the arrival of a specialized "first aid"!