Games and toys
Toys for a child are advisable to buy only those that he long wishes. The toy must correspond to the level of mental development of the child. At the age of 3-6 years old and very fond of toys made by adults: paper steamboats and helmets, dolls, matchbox houses, etc.
Children, especially small children, bring special joy to children. Watch their growth, play with them - for the baby a great pleasure. They can be taken care of, they can be fed and protected. This patronage raises the child in his own eyes.
Children love when adults play with them. These are primarily mobile noisy games, and gay fuss. Rocking on bent legs, lifting, podkidyvanie, scrambling for zakorki, playing horses, imaginary struggle on the couch bring the child a lot of joy, cheerful excitement and physical fitness. Do not just get carried away and demand from the child beyond the power: standing on the hands, head, etc.
The dances of the adult and the child bring up a sense of rhythm, synchronism of movements, the ability to fine-tune their physical activity, the ability to adjust to the rhythm of the partner. Modern parents are already embarrassed to play in the street, but within the apartment this can and should be done. Playing for the child is a very serious occupation. Adults should see in the game the toddler elements are preparing for!future labor processes and accordingly send them, taking part in this.
However, if up to three years the child could freely manage only by the society of adults, dolls and toys, then from the fourth year of his life this does not suit him. Playing alone is boring, he is looking for communication with other children. First, children of this age usually tend to be older children, offended when they do not accept them. They have a feeling that they already know a lot, are able, and they want to show it. Therefore, communication with peers becomes as necessary as with adults, and sometimes, especially during games, it is even more desirable. If there are other children in the family, this need is satisfied to some extent. But to limit the life of the child only the family circle should not. For normal development, he needs fellow peers, with whom he feels himself on an equal footing. Communicating with children, the child will learn to reckon with others, stand up for themselves. At this age, the first attachments appear, which represent the germs of friendship. A. S. Makarenko said that the child in the game is what it will be when he grows up and begins to work independently. During the game, 3-4 year old children often talk to themselves or with toys. Games should be alternated( mobile and quiet, collective and individual), so that, on the one hand, the child is not tired, and on the other - not overexcited. Games with adults or peers have another important significance. In the process of communication, children share their impressions, sensations, and knowledge. And so naturally, the "dumping of information" happens at ease and imperceptibly, from the excess of which modern children suffer. Features of the human psyche are such that, by acquiring some knowledge, it seeks to share them. This fully applies to preschool children, who by virtue of their curiosity acquire in the form of answers to numerous questions a large number of all kinds of information.
The younger preschooler's thinking is more concrete. He well learns what is presented graphically, he wants to learn everything from his own experience. He is particularly attracted by the actions that adults are trying to hide from him. The kid does not remember everything, but something that struck him very much. Children always try to imitate adults. Sometimes it's dangerous. Unable to distinguish bad from good, they tend to do what adults forbid them, but allow themselves. In this connection, in the presence of children, it is necessary to refrain from such actions and actions that can not serve as a good example for them.
The child in his actions is guided first of all not by the consciousness of what can, it is necessary or good to do, but he wants to act, as he is interested, pleasantly. Therefore, it is extremely important to educate the child's understanding and desire to do what is right and not to do what is not allowed: not to take toys away, but to ask them, wait until they play another, in the game coordinate their actions with the desires of others, share toys, abstainfrom what you want, if there are no conditions for fulfilling the desire.