Drugs from the throat( pills, sprays, lollipops for sore throats) - Causes, symptoms and treatment. MF.
It is hardly possible to find a person who has never experienced pain in the throat. Pain can range from mild discomfort to severe, down to inability to talk and eat. The causes of sore throat are numerous.
The most common are acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pharynx( pharyngitis caused by viruses and bacteria).Acute pharyngitis with severe pain syndrome is most often caused by viruses. The pain in the throat is the one with which ARVI often begins. Already on the second or third day, sneezing, runny nose, fever, cough, and muscle pain are added. Viral pharyngitis has a self-resolving course, after 4-5 days, the sore throat gradually subsides and medical care is usually not required.
The second common cause of acute pain in the throat is sore throat( inflammation of the palatine tonsils - clumps of lymphoid tissue on both sides of the pharynx).With any suspicion of angina, a medical examination is mandatory, since the probability of a bacterial infection is high, in which the intake of antibacterial drugs is necessary. Angina is accompanied by severe pain when swallowing, talking, eating, soreness in the submaxillary region, rising temperature to high figures, general weakness. This changes the appearance of the tonsils - they increase in size, on their surface there are grayish raids, "bumps" with pus( inflamed follicles).Unlike pharyngitis, angina is a potentially dangerous disease, because in the absence of a competent and timely begun treatment can lead to serious complications and even to death. In addition, angina can be one of the manifestations of a serious infectious disease - diphtheria, requiring immediate hospitalization. Other causes of sore throat & gt; & gt;
In which cases, the sore throat is a direct indication for a doctor:
- in addition to severe sore throat, there is a persistent increase in temperature from 38.0 and above, and( or) the appearance of the tonsils has changed( there were raids, etc.)
-on the body or mucous membranes there was a rash
- sore throat one-sided, a nasal hue of the voice appeared, a high temperature, in the throat on the one hand appeared the bulging
- in the submaxillary region there was a painful swelling
- the sore throat does not pass within 6-7 days, nesmrubbing to treatment
above symptoms require that the therapist examination, on the testimony of Laurent and infectious diseases.
In other cases, you can alleviate the pain in the throat with the means permitted for use without a prescription at home.
Drugs from the throat
The arsenal of available medicines is presented in various forms: oral tablets, sprays, rinsing solutions, lozenges, lozenges for resorption. The main components contained in them are analgesics, antiseptic substances, essential oils of medicinal plants.
Drugs for throat pain for ingestion:
These are anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs that relieve sore throat, mainly due to its anti-inflammatory and mild analgesic effects.
Paracetamol 500 mg, tablets
Adults and children 12 years and older 1 tablet up to 4 times a day.
For children 6-12 years 0,5-1 tablet up to 4 times a day.
Duration of treatment 3-5 days.
Paracetamol is contraindicated if the patient has: alcoholism, allergic reactions to the drug, severe liver or kidney dysfunction, anemia.
Ibuprofen 200 mg tablets
Adults 1-2 tablets 3-4 r per day.
Children 10 mg / kg single dose, 40 mg / kg - the maximum daily dose.
The duration of the reception is 3-5 days.
Contraindications: peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum, aspirin asthma, hematopoiesis, amblyopia, color vision, expressed violations of liver and kidney function, ulcerative colitis, children under 6 years of age, allergic reactions.
Naproxen 250 mg, 500 mg tablets
Adults 250-500 mg 2 times a day.
Children 10mg / kg / day in 2 divided doses every 12 h.
Duration of treatment 3-5 days.
Contraindications: allergic reactions, aspirin asthma, erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the phase of exacerbation.
OTC drugs for topical use:
Aerosols from the throat
Aerosols have local antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects. Preparations in the form of an aerosol are allowed for use in children only from 3 years old and under the direct supervision of adults. The drug should be kept on the mucous membrane of the oropharynx for 3-5 minutes, without swallowing saliva and not consuming liquid or food.
Tantum Verde( benzidamine hydrochloride).Is as in the form of a spray, and tablets for resorption.
Adults for 4-8 doses every 1.5-3 hours. Children aged 3-6 years, 1-4 doses( maximum - 4 doses) every 1.5-3 hours;children aged 6-12 years with 4 doses every 1.5-3 hours. The course of treatment is from 4 to 15 days. Tantum Verde usually becomes a drug of choice in the treatment of viral pharyngitis in children, because it has a minimum of side effects and unlike others, rarely leads to laryngospasm.
Contraindications: allergy to the components of the medication, age up to 3 years.
Ingalipt( peppermint leaf oil, sulfanilamide, sulfatiazole, thymol, eucalyptus oil)
Adults 3-4 sprays per day. Children from 3 years 2 times a day. Duration of treatment 5 days.
Contraindications: allergic reactions to the components of the drug, age up to 3 years.
Camlet( leaves oil of eucalyptus, camphor, levomenthol, chlorobutanol)
Adults and children from 5 years 2-3 sprayings 3-4 times a day
Duration of treatment 5-6 days
Contraindications: allergic reactions to the components of the drug, age to 5 years.
Stopangin( hexethidine, vegetable essential oils, levomenthol)
Adults and children from 8 years of age 2 irrigation 2-3 times a day. Duration of treatment is 6-7 days.
Contraindications: age to 8 years, allergic reactions to drug components, 1st trimester of pregnancy, atrophic pharyngitis
Hexoral spray( hexatidine)
Adults and children over 3 years of age 1 dose 2 times a day. Duration of treatment is 5-6 days.
Contraindications: children under 3 years old, allergic reactions.
Thera Flux Lar( benzoxonium chloride, lidocaine)
Adults 4 sprayings 4-6 times a day. Children 4 l and older 2-3 sprays 3-6 times a day. Duration of treatment is no more than 5 days.
Use contraindicated: during breastfeeding, with increased sensitivity to lidocaine or ammonia compounds, age to 4 years, 1 trimester of pregnancy.
Lozenges and lozenges from the throat
Medicines in the form of pastilles last longer, evenly distributed when resorbed in the mouth. Swallowing them is not recommended, because the pastilles should not be given to children under 3 years old, lollipops - under 5 years.
Septollet pastilles( benzalkonium chloride, thymol, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, levomenthol)
Dissolve 1 lozenge in the oral cavity until completely dissolved every 2-3 hours.
Adults and children over 12 years of age up to 8 lozenges a day.
Children over 4 years old up to 4 lozenges a day, over 10 years old-up to 6 lozenges a day
Treatment duration 3-4 days.
Contraindications: Allergic reactions to the components of the drug, age up to 4 years, congenital intolerance to fructose, lactase deficiency, galactosemia, isomaltase deficiency, glucose malabsorption / galactose syndrome.
Tharyngept( ambazone) tablets for resorption
Adults rassasyvat 4-5 tablets per day. Children from 3 to 7 years 3 tablets per day.
The course of treatment is 3-4 days.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug.
Grammedin with anesthetic( gramicidin C, lidocaine hydrochloride)
Adults and children over 12 years of age 2 tablets 4 times a day.
For children under 12 years 1-2 tablets 4 times a day.
The course of treatment is 5-6 days.
Can not be used in the following cases: allergic reactions to drug components, lactation period.
Strepsils( 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, amylmetacresol)
Adults and children over 5 years of 1 tablet every 2-3 hours( no more than 8 tablets per day)
Duration of treatment 3-4 days
Contraindications: age under 5 years.
Strepfen( flurbiprofen)
Adults and children over 12 years of age: 1 tablet to dissolve after eating, moving the pill over the entire oral cavity as needed, but not more than 5 tablets per day.
Duration of treatment no more than 3 days.
Contraindications: age under 12 years, pregnancy, gastric ulcer in the phase of exacerbation, lactation, hypersensitivity to the drug components, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, bronchial asthma and rhinitis associated with non-narcotic analgesics.
Pastilles and sprays from the throat have a symptomatic effect, and it can be unequally expressed in different patients. Someone is quickly helped by means in pastilles, and someone feels the improvement only from some aerosols, all individually, so it is not possible to recommend one thing as a drug of choice.
With acute viral pharyngitis against the background of ARVI, antibiotic prescription is not required.
In order to reduce pain in the throat and when the temperature rises above 38.5, paracetamol 1 tablet is administered 2-3 times a day or ibuprofen 1-2 tablets 2-3 times a day.
Local rinses with saline solutions and herbal infusions 6-8 times a day.
If necessary - lozenges for absorption with anesthetic.
Duration of treatment 4-5 days.
With streptococcal angina accompanied by pain in the throat, antibiotics are required, but only with a doctor's prescription!
Antibiotic groups:
- "protected" aminopenicillins( flemoclave solutab, amoksiklav, panklava, augmentin, etc.)
- macrolides( azithromycin, clarithromycin)
- fluoroquinolones( levofloxacin, moxifloxacin)
The course of treatment depending on the prescription is determined by the doctor.
When treats bacterial sore throat , the main thing is to take an antibiotic in an adequate dosage and adequate course. The use of topical drugs is only an addition to the main treatment, but not a way to accelerate recovery.
Traditional medicine for the treatment of sore throat:
- Frequent drinking of warm liquids( eg tea with honey and lemon, milk with honey, herbal teas with mint, chamomile, sage, mother-and-stepmother).
- Rinse throat with warm salt solutions( 1/2 tsp of table salt to a glass of warm water 6-8 times a day).
- Rinse with soda solution( 1 tsp soda for a glass of warm water 6-8 times a day).
- Rinse with herbs( chamomile, calendula, eucalyptus, sage) 1 tbsp.chopped dry grass pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain, rinse 4-5 times a day.
- Dissolving in the mouth of a lemon slice or dissolve 1 tsp. Lemon juice in a glass of water and rinse 3-4 times a day.
Thus, self-treatment is possible only in case of viral pharyngitis, that is, when along with sore throat there are other symptoms of acute respiratory infection and there are no alarming symptoms requiring medical examination.
If after the examination the doctor diagnosed you with "angina" and prescribed a course of antibacterial therapy, you should adhere strictly to the regimen of intake, dosing and duration of the course of treatment, without changing it yourself, even if it became much easier already on the second day of taking medications. Premature stopping the intake of antibiotics promotes the development of resistance of microorganisms to this drug and increases the likelihood of complications in the patient.
Therapeutist doctor Stroganova E.V.