Common mistakes in the provision of emergency medical care?

Everyone has knowledge about providing first aid, and absolutely no matter who gave him this knowledge. Of course, in most cases this knowledge is nothing but a bunch of rumors that do not bring any benefit, but, on the contrary, bring great harm to the health of the victim.

For example, everyone knows that with a normal fracture, you need to impose a tire. Many probably imagine the tire as two sticks, and ideally the fences from the fence. And when a person who wants to help the victim, apply his knowledge and help in practice, the victim is far from happy that his leg is tied to a piece of fence. And it turns out that it is necessary to fix the leg precisely in the position in which it will be convenient for the victim. The essence of the overlapping of the tire in the immobilization of that part of the body that is damaged. Usually the leg is in a half-bent state, and some certainly did not think about it.

Here are ten most common mistakes in the provision of first aid, you can certainly laugh at them, but it's better to remember them.

The life of a person who suffered much more important than your own

. This delusion was firmly entrenched in the heads of our older generation, and the literature, cinema, and ideology of the Soviet era were to blame. In those days, they praised heroism and excessive self-sacrifice. Of course, all these human qualities are very important, and sometimes even necessary. But in the modern world, on the street, in the forest, or perhaps in nature, this heroism will cost the life of both the victim and the savior.

For example, a car flew into a power line post. The driver is unconscious, the current is his, touches them and falls dead, followed by the second - the result is the same. As a result, there is a live driver in the car, who is unconscious, and next to him there are hero rescuers. And no one called an ambulance and rescuers. Rule: first you need to evaluate what can threaten your life, and then for the life of the victim. Because it does not sound like it's sharp, but one corpse is better than a few.

The most important thing to get the victim

Consider all the same traffic accidents. As in our country usually happens: by the time when the ambulance and rescuers come to the scene of the accident, all the victims are already laid in a row in the shade and rest. While rescuing the victims, rescuers "volunteers" do not think about how to do it more cautiously, but pull their hands, legs, and everything for everything, for which they can only pull, causing a lot of additional damage, possibly moreserious than they were. The person could sit quietly in the car and wait for the rescuers, who carefully took it out and put it on a stretcher, and then handed over to the doctors. He could pass only half a goal in the hospital, and he could again stand on his own feet, but no, life-long disability, thanks to voluntary rescuers.

The actions of the witness should be as follows: saw, summoned rescuers, an ambulance, disconnected the battery from the damaged vehicle in order to prevent the burning of spilled gasoline, fence off the scene, if there is bleeding, then stop it, and talk with the victims before the rescuers arrive. The injured person should simply be supported by a conversation, the main thing is to show that they show concern for him. To get the victim out of the car is only necessary if inaction can do more harm than the action. If the car suddenly ignites, only in this case it is possible to neglect traumas of the victim.

Put language on the collar of

This expression is familiar? In the army there is an individual package for the provision of first aid, the list includes a pin, it is designed to pierce the victim's tongue to the collar if the victim has lost consciousness so that he could not get into the airways. It was the pin that often had to be used in such cases. Can you imagine what it is like for a person who comes to consciousness with a tongue on his collar? Unconditionally, the language stumbles involuntarily, and it is necessary to know and try to fight it.

If you try to get a person's mouth out of a person, then it will not be so simple, it might seem at first glance. The language is slippery, and leaving it stretched is quite problematic, and not hygienic. Prevent the overlap of the airways and tongue twisting is very simple, you just need to turn the person to one side. So it is necessary to do with sleeping drunkards on the street, even if it is unfamiliar at all, this can save the poor man from the two dangers that threaten his life, namely, to prevent language from blocking the airways and choking with vomit. But it also happens that the victim can not turn sideways, if his spine is damaged, in this case, you need to throw your head back and for safety of the airways will be enough.

Overlapping the

harness The harness in special situations can be applied to the neck, no matter how it looks amazing. The harness should be applied with the simultaneous grip of the hand. Almost every person is familiar with the tourniquet, it is almost every house in the medicine cabinet or in the car. And of course, therefore, the all-knowing comrades, with each deep cut immediately limb limb. And as it turns out in practice, most even have such knowledge that in summer, the time for the permissible harness should be 2 hours, and in winter only 1.

Many even know that the color of blood in the veins is much darker than the arterial color. But sometimes it turns out that on arrival in the hospital doctors can not save the limb anymore, it's only because of the fact that a tourniquet was placed on a deep, but not life-threatening cut. It is important to know that the tourniquet should only be used to stop blood pressure. How, then, is it distinguishable from venous? This is difficult to do, especially in a state of stress. It's very easy to make a mistake, but you can distinguish these two kinds.

Let's translate into the atmosphere our usual blood pressure, this can happen, if rounded, 1.5 atmosphere. Imagine a small tube with a very small hole in it, and with what pressure it will receive water from it under a pressure of 1.5 atmosphere. It is by the height of the "fountain" and the force of pressure that you can determine the type of bleeding without error. If the bleeding is arterial, then you can not wait, you do not need to be distracted by searching for a tourniquet, removing the strap.

The life of a person goes away every second. It is necessary to pinch the artery, which can be done even with a finger, in the place where the artery passes closest to the surface of the body, for example, under the armpits or groin. Only after stopping the bleeding, you need to try to tighten the tourniquet and the victim immediately to the hospital. The tourniquet should be applied over the clothes, so that the doctors would immediately see it. And also it is necessary to write a note, which will indicate the time when the tourniquet was applied, it is better to write with a black marker, and you can also write on the forehead of the victim.

With venous bleeding, everything looks simpler, a simple bandage bandage is enough, but it is important that it is tightened very tightly, if it is soaked with blood, you can re-bandage it again, the doctor will determine the thickness of the bandage how much is lost.

Lubricate burned with oil

The human body consists of 80% water, it has many properties, and one of them has heat capacity, namely the ability to retain heat. What can happen to a person when he gets burned?

A certain amount of heat energy will enter the surface of the skin, passing through the skin into the body, and tissue cells leave energy in themselves. Logically, after a burn you need to - cool down. As usual, many do so, namely, place a place that was damaged under cold water and keep it for a couple of minutes until pain passes, then treat this place with sunflower oil, kefir, or Panthenol ointment. During this small time, only a small part of the heat can come out, and the rest of the heat remains inside the tissues, covering it well with a thermal cushion, which will only lead to aggravation of the burn. And it was necessary, it was only to cool the damaged place with cold water for 10 minutes longer, and the effect would be quite different.

Rubbing your nose when frostbite

In Russia, the winter is very cold, so every resident is threatened with frostbite. Probably everyone faced frostbite, as the nose, ears, cheeks, arms and legs are very quickly frozen in the frost. And of course, the first thing always rubs all the parts of the body that are frost-bitten, after that they begin to ache. Why is this happening?

It's pretty simple. The human body, you can imagine a system of wires and small tubes. With prolonged exposure to cold, the tubes become frozen and the blood does not circulate in them, and the wires become brittle. When we rub the frostbitten place, we crash and break all these tubes with wires, while doing serious harm to our body. As an example, we bring a bottle of beer frozen in the freezer, if the bottle is immediately put into heat, it will just crack, which happens with our vessels. It is necessary to try not to rub, but slowly to heat the frost-bitten place. If everything is right to do, then the consequences of frostbite will be minimal and the pain will not be strong.

If you are worried about chills - you need to warm up

When a person has a fever, the body is hotter and shivering. He wants only one thing, get warm, wrapped in a blanket. But no one knows that warming up is not only very harmful, but also very dangerous for human life. When a person has chills, it means that the temperature is above 38 degrees and grows even more. The organism needs to cool down, and he, on the contrary, wraps himself in a blanket and tries to warm up. There are cases of death due to incorrect actions. When a person has a high temperature, you need to take a cool bath or do a wet wipe, you can also cover with a light veil. With such actions, you can see that the temperature fell much faster.

MARGANTSOVKA

Many people do not know that the crystals of potassium permanganate can completely dissolve in water only at temperatures above 70 degrees.

To make a solution of potassium permanganate is not only meaningless, but also very dangerous. Crystals of potassium permanganate can cause huge damage to the stomach. If a person needs to clean the stomach, just need to drink about five glasses of boiled water and induce vomiting.

Slap on the back

When a person choked on something, he coughs so that it seems that he is coughing up the lungs. Everyone who is next to him, for some reason, is triggered by the instinct to slap a friend on the back. And why do this? If you look at this question from the point of view of science, then such actions are not something that would help, but rather aggravate the situation. If you imagine a drainpipe and throw a cat into it. When we knock on an imaginary pipe with a stick, will this lead to the fact that the cat will fly out of the tube upwards?

The person who choked, in 99% of cases, clears himself. He does not need to help, even if he asks for it, he just needs to calm him down, say that he made a couple of slow inhalations and strong exhalations, and when exhaling, he should be advised to lean forward so that the drainage pipe is located horizontally. The piece, which is stuck, will fly out completely painlessly.

It is obligatory to unclench the teeth of a person

It is interesting where from the majority there is a certainty that when an epileptic seizure occurs, a person needs to unclench teeth and insert something between them? And how are the epileptics surprised when they come to, after an attack, find that their mouth is stuffed with plastic from ballpoint pens or pieces of their own teeth.

You do not need to put anything into your mouth. This myth went, probably, due to the fact that there is a possibility that the victim during an attack can bite his tongue. So, this will never happen. During an epileptic attack, all the muscles of a person are tense, and the tongue is also a muscle and just so it can not fall out. Of course, it can happen that during a seizure a person will bite off the tip of the tongue. But, it creates a terrible picture, when the foam is mixed with blood, from this, most likely, and went the myths about the probability of biting off the tongue. When rendering assistance, it is necessary to kneel near the person's head and hold it so that it does not strike the ground. And when the cramps run out and the 2nd phase of the attack comes, it's a dream, you have to turn your head to one side, because in a dream the muscles relax, and the tongue too, and it can sink.