Poisoning with poisonous mushrooms
Indeed, at present, a large number of toxins have been found in different types of fungi. Some of them only slightly affect the psyche, others are deadly, since they adversely affect the vital organs of the human body, primarily the kidneys, liver, cardiovascular and nervous systems.
The degree and consequences of toxicity depend on the type of fungi and the toxic substances that comprise them, the level of their toxicity, the amount of eaten raznosolov from "forest meat", and also on the age and state of health of the victim. Sometimes poisoning is easy and short, which is usually expressed in violations of the gastrointestinal tract. However, cases of very severe toxicities are frequent, even to the point of death.
Proper treatment is possible only with timely assistance and an unmistakable determination of the type of poisonous fungus. For this, one should know their botanical features well. In addition, to facilitate the tasks of providing immediate assistance, it is necessary to have information about the main syndromes( groups of symptoms) that are observed in acute poisoning with poisonous fungi.
Respiratory distress syndrome is often observed in comatose conditions when the respiratory center is depressed. Breathing disorders also occur as a result of paralysis of the respiratory musculature, which greatly complicates the course of poisoning.
The syndrome of impaired consciousness is caused by the direct exposure of the toxin to the cerebral cortex. Disorders of cerebral circulation and oxygen deficiency are also inherent in him.
The syndrome of mental disorders occurs as a result of poisoning with fungal poisons, which selectively act on the central nervous system.
The circulatory disorder syndrome most often accompanies acute fungal poisoning. The causes of the disorder of the cardiovascular system may be an increase in the permeability of the walls of blood vessels, suppression of the vasomotor center, adrenal insufficiency, etc.
The syndrome of blood damage is expressed by a decrease in the oxygen capacity of the blood and inactivation( decrease in the level) of hemoglobin.
When poisoning many species of fungi, it is the kidneys and the liver that suffer from toxins or suffer from the effects of toxic products of metabolism and decay of tissues on them.
The syndrome of thermoregulation disorders manifests itself in an increase or decrease in body temperature. On the one hand, the cause of such violations are the reduction of metabolic processes and increased heat transfer, and on the other hand, disorders of supplying the brain with oxygen, as well as the absorption of toxic products of tissue decay into the blood.
Convulsive syndrome is an indicator of very severe poisoning. Seizures are a result of intoxication or acutely occurring oxygen starvation of brain cells as a result of the specific effect of fungal poisons on central nervous structures. When you eliminate the causes, cramps usually go away.
The syndrome of acid-base balance disturbance and water-electrolyte balance is observed in acute fungal poisonings and is a consequence of the disorder of secretory organs, as well as the functions of excretory and digestive systems. With this syndrome, dehydration of the body, disturbance of oxidation-reduction processes and accumulation of under-oxidized metabolites in tissues are noted.