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  • Protection of indoor plants from pests

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    In residential areas, it is much easier to prevent indoor plant disease or the appearance of pests than to fight them later.

    Conditions of apartments, especially in winter( air dryness, high temperature, low air humidity), often contribute to the significant development of pests and diseases. In apartments, the struggle with them has its own difficulties and peculiarities. In indoor conditions, in greenhouses and greenhouses, the harmfulness of insects increases, since many species that have only a few generations per year can reproduce in warm rooms in winter. It is important to remember that healthy, strong plants tend to be more resistant to diseases than pampered ones. Therefore, when growing plants in rooms, the focus should be on preventive measures. First of all, they include: calcination of the substrate( 30 -40 minutes at 100-120 ° C), destruction of the sometimes appearing weeds, systematic inspection of newly purchased plants

    In the case of room-based vegetable growing, growing plants that are resistant to various diseases is of great importance. Preventive measures include also pickling seeds during their sowing and disinfection of premises or places where houseplants are standing

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    The biological method of plant protection is becoming more common: Applicationpredatory insects, bacteria and viruses destroying aphids, whiteflies, mites and at the same time not dangerous for humans and plants

    The application of the chemical method in the room conditions should be very limited and should be applied only in extreme cases. Then all the infected plants are taken outon the street, an open balcony or a terrace where they are subjected to chemical treatment. As chemical preparations are poisonous, only those for which permission is to be applied should be applied, while strictly observing the concentrations of the racesand norms of their processing. Treatment of plants with chemical preparations should be stopped at least 20 - 25 days before the removal of products.

    Major pests of

    Some insects are omnivorous pests, others damage only certain plants.

    Shielders. Small sucking, omnivorous insects, which have mobility only in the stage of larvae of the first age, called vagabonds. After the sagging of the tramps to the underside of the sheet, their body is covered with a hard, easily detachable shield from it.

    The usual sign of the appearance of the scabbards is their sticky discharge on the leaves and windowsills on which the sooty fungus settles. Shields damage almost all indoor plants, including vegetable, citrus, coffee and others. Exiting the female, the larvae immediately begin to move and after 1-2 days attach to the plant, depending on the species, on the top or bottom side of the leaf. If there is a strong infection, there are spots and yellowing of the leaves.

    Control measures. Wipe the leaves with a soft tampon or cotton wool soaked in a normal soap, 3% soap-oil emulsion or tobacco infusion. Of pesticides against scabs, very effective is carbofos of 2% concentration, fufanone 0.05-0.1% concentration, Dutch aerosol Pokon.

    Powdery mealworms. Small insects, close to the scutes and falsities;do not have shields, but the dorsal side of the body in some species is covered with a wax-like coating, in others - with a fluffy fluff. The worms are distinguished by mobility, sometimes they do not lose it in the adult state. Many indoor plants damage: coffee, laurel, tea, citrus fruits and others.

    Control measures. Manual cleaning and wiping plants with normal soap. In case of severe infection, spraying with carbofos or fufanon. If this does not help, the plant must be destroyed.

    Umbrella moth. Its caterpillars 10-13 mm in size eat buds, flowers of all umbellate plants. The majority of caterpillars appear in June - early July.

    Control measures. Cut and destroy all damaged inflorescences.

    Cabbage bugs. Insects measuring 9 - 10 mm with black and red spots on the back. Bedbugs and their larvae affect all kinds of cabbage, they suck the leaves out of the juice. Bugs appear early in the spring, and also in summer on seed plants.

    Control measures. To use scaring agents, especially the treatment of plants with tobacco dust, the destruction of plant remains.

    Root mealybugs. Close relatives of ordinary worms, but only affect the roots. They settle in pots on the outer roots, braiding the earth coma. Bite off small roots. With a strong infection, the plants die.

    Control measures. With fading and blackening of the leaves, the plant, together with the lump, is taken out of the pot and placed for 10-15 seconds in a solution of carbophos. Such treatment for severe infection should be carried out at least 2-3 times with an interval of 12-15 days.

    Common aphids and cabbage. Small sucking insects, settling on the ends of young shoots of almost all fruit and vegetable crops. They feed on the juice of young leaves and tender shoots. Usually they are green, but there may be other colors. Sucking the juice of young leaves and shoots, they contribute to the deformation of the leaves. On the allocation of aphids settling black fungus, which gives plants an unsightly appearance.

    Control measures. Spraying with soap solution, pyrethrum solution or tobacco infusion with the addition of soap. With a strong infection, spraying plants with carbofos, fufanon, and phosphicide( 0.03-0.05%).It is necessary to re-spray after 12-15 days( 15 - 20 drops per 1 liter of water).

    Regular arachnid, red greenhouse and onion mites. Small insects are yellow-green, red and orange in sizes up to 1 - 2 mm. Are distinguished by exceptional voracity. Suck the juice of the leaves. Mostly spread with low humidity and high temperature in the apartments.

    Settles on the underside of the leaf on almost all subtropical fruit and on many vegetable crops. Within a year can have up to 10 generations. Yellowing and falling leaves.

    Control measures. To prevent the mass appearance of mites 2-3 times a day, the leaves are sprinkled with clean water. If this does not help, we recommend treating the infected plants with decis or insecticide soap, sold in specialized flower shops, or with phosphicide( 0.03-0.05%).

    Thrips. On houseplants you can often find leafy or greenhouse thrips. These are small insects 1.2-1.4 mm in size black and brown with an orange belly. Thrips very badly damage all bows, noble laurels, some flower crops. During the year, thrips are given several generations. Adult individuals and their larvae feed on plant juice, settling in colonies, mainly on the underside of the leaves. The leaves turn yellow, acquire a silvery shade, become covered with secretions of thrips, acquire an unpleasant appearance. Especially the big damages of thrips are applied to buds and flowers, which deform and perish.

    Control measures. We recommend that the infected plants be washed with warm water under a shower. It is possible to use spraying plants with a solution of decis( 0.01-0.05%) and biopreparation boverin. The instructions for these preparations specify the method of their use and the exact dosages for various plants.

    Greenhouse whitefly. It spreads in warm rooms with a temperature of +20 - +22 ° С and high humidity of air( 80 -85%).A very small white butterfly( 3-5 mm) settles on the underside of leaves of indoor plants( tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, peppers, tea, a noble laurel, all citrus).It looks like an ordinary moth. Its mobile larvae, up to 0.1 mm in size, suck out the juice from the leaves. Dangerous also its secretion, which settles the sooty fungus

    Control measures. Washing of leaves with soap and soapy emulsion, as well as transfer of affected plants to a cool dry place. If this does not work, treat the plants with a pyrethrum suspension or sprinkle with 0.1% Pegasus or infusion of onion and garlic.

    Cabbage moth. Pests of cruciferous. The wings are 14 - 17 mm in size, gray color.

    Control measures. Spraying with endobacterin or bauxin.

    Onion moth. Small butterflies with brown wings. Caterpillars are yellow-green in color. Caterpillars settle on the inside of the leaves, eating out the flesh of the leaf along the veins

    Control measures. Improve the care, make fertilizer. In extreme cases, spray the plant with a decisive solution( 0.01-0.05%).

    Leaf and onion stem nematodes. Very small threadworms, brought into the apartment along with the soil, quickly spread with excessive watering and high humidity. They bite into leaves, flowers and stems. Affected leaves are dyed yellow and quickly fall off. Damage to all onion, cruciferous and other crops. Control measures. Change the substrate and remove all diseased and damaged leaves, reduce the humidity.

    Onion block. Small insect, 1.5-3 mm, gray in color, similar to aphid.

    Characterized by great fertility, mostly lesions harm, sucking out plant juices.

    Control measures. Washing with soap foam.