What are good theatrical games?
Theatrical games are always pleasing, they often make children laugh, they use their constant love. For what? Children see the world around them through images, colors, sounds. Kids laugh when the characters laugh, sad, grieve with them, they can cry over the failures of their favorite hero, they are always ready to come to his aid.
The themes and content of the theatrical games have a moral orientation, which is contained in every fairy tale, literary work and must find a place in improvised productions. This is friendship, sympathy, kindness, honesty, courage. .. Favorite heroes become models for imitation. The child begins to identify himself with a favorite way. The ability to such identification and allows through the images of the dramatized game to influence children. With pleasure transforming into a favorite image, the child voluntarily accepts and appropriates peculiar features. Independent role playing by children allows to form an experience of moral behavior, the ability to act in accordance with moral norms. This affects the preschoolers both positive and negative images.
As positive qualities are encouraged, and negative ones are condemned, children in most cases want to imitate good, honest characters. And approval of the adult worthy deeds creates a sense of satisfaction in them, which serves as an incentive for further control over their behavior.
But many themes, plots suggest fighting, contrasting good and evil by the emotional characteristics of positive and negative characters. Children, along with positive characters, can imitate and negative, which happens quite often. In theatrical games, the problem of the influence of a negative character is more complex than in the ordinary reading of a literary work. There are two questions: who and how to portray a negative character? What are the consequences of its impact? The reaction of viewers is especially important. It is very important that they condemn a bad act, express a negative attitude towards the character who committed it.
The negative image will lose its attractiveness, and hence the influence, if it is presented so as to cause universal laughter, condemnation. But preschool children are unlikely to achieve the level of expressiveness necessary for this purpose. For example, to convey the traits of evil, cunning, greedy characters with sufficient irony, grotesque. Their execution may not cause an aversion to immoral, but on the contrary - to encourage imitation. In addition, not always willing to play an unattractive character, as many savvy children immediately refuse such a role.
But sometimes it happens that way: the desire to actively participate in the game pushes the child to perform any, even negative role. To draw the peer's attention to himself, he is ready to jest them laughingly. So gradually the image as it were "sticks" to the child, and in the end it starts to cause ridicule.
Apparently, it is better to perform negative roles with the help of various puppets. Take care that their appearance is repulsive. The negative characterization can be supplemented with intonation. Drive the dolls and speak out for them so that they cause an active reaction in children. For example, let them arrange all sorts of obstacles to the wolf on his way to the house where the grandmother of Little Red Riding Hood lives.
Another problem of the negative character - the consequences of his actions: the wolf suffered because of his bloodthirstiness( "Little Red Riding Hood"), Laziness - for rudeness, greed, arrogance( "Twelve Months").But maybe, sometimes it is necessary to resort to reception of creative change of the ending, especially if it is tragic. Negative heroes can be re-educated with the active participation of children. Just give them a thought, example, and see how they do good deeds.
At the same time, it is necessary to teach children to objectively evaluate their actions and not just to imitate the positive, but also to control their behavior( see the play on V. Mayakovsky's poem "What is good and what is bad", improvisation "Know yourself").However, it is not necessary to focus on this peer's attention, to sharpen always the painful moment of self-criticism.
Each image created by the child is unique. In it merge its characteristic features with the features of the child's personality, his manner of holding, expressing himself. If they do not coincide, the children-spectators with their cues suggest to the "artist" how he should perform the role in order to become even more like a character. Thus, the child imperceptibly appropriates the positive qualities of the character.
The great and versatile influence of the theatrical games on the personality of the child makes it possible to use them as a strong but unobtrusive pedagogical tool, since the baby himself experiences pleasure and joy at the same time. Educational opportunities of theatrical games are enhanced by the fact that their subject is practically unlimited. It can satisfy the diverse interests of children.
Theatrical games allow solving many tasks of the kindergarten program: from acquaintance with social phenomena, formation of elementary mathematical representations to physical perfection. The variety of subjects, means of image, emotionality of theatrical games make it possible to use them for the purpose of comprehensive personality education.
An imaginative, vivid image of social reality, the phenomena of nature, introduces children to the world around in all its diversity. A skillfully asked questions encourage them to think, analyze rather complex situations, draw conclusions and generalizations. The development of speech is closely connected with intellectual development. In the process of expressing the replicas of characters, own statements, the child's vocabulary becomes invisible, the sound side of speech is improved. A new role, especially the dialogue of characters, puts the child before the need to clearly, clearly, clearly explain. He improves dialogical speech, its grammatical structure, he begins to actively use the dictionary, which, in turn, is also replenished.
The artistic expressiveness of images, the comic character of the characters reinforce the impression of their statements, actions, events, in which they participate.
If children create conditions for independent theatrical games, they can imitate the game images by communicating with each other. During the preparation and play of the play, talking with children should always be polite and affectionate. Make sure that they also treat each other, help, persevere, patience in real life.
The aesthetic influence on children is rendered with tasteful design of the performance. Active participation of children in the preparation of attributes, decorations develops their taste, brings up a sense of beauty. The aesthetic influence of theatrical games can be deeper: admiration for the beautiful and disgust for the negative cause moral and aesthetic experiences, which, in turn, create the appropriate mood, emotional uplift, increase the vitality of the children. In this sense, theatrical games are equated with mobile games, since the children in them are not so much spectators as active participants.
Various design of dolls: from a paper plate;from a paper bag. Dolls for finger theater.