Children play without adults
All our recommendations have so far been aimed at playing an adult with one child. Well, if there is more than one child in the family, what should be then? Play with each separately? But this is not always possible: more time is needed, and every child needs attention to himself.
The organization of the game in this case largely depends on how much one of the children is older than the other.
Let's see how to play together, weather and children with a large age gap: 1 year and 4 years, 2 years and 5 years, 3 years and 6 years.
If children are pogodki, then their game in 2-3 years is usually mutual. One child does the same as the other, they try and take the same toys. Since an attractive toy is a toy that has fallen into the hands of another, conflicts often arise because of the game material;To settle these conflicts is necessary for an adult.
Children grow older and start playing role-playing games together. Their further interaction is not too different from the joint game of peers described by us.
But the children are 1 year and 4 years old. In 4 years the child already owns simple forms of the plot game. The kid imitates the older child. But he snatches from his game the simplest - the same action with the subject, imitates the emotions of the elder.
Four-year-old Alya "cooks lunch."She gives a one-year-old Dima a toy pot. He, like Alya, leads her with a wand. Alya extracts from his saucepot "meat"( rings from the pyramid), "eats."Dima watches her. She gives him a ring: "Eat!" Dima brings it to his mouth in bewilderment. Alya, looks at him, laughs, laughs after her and Dima.
Alya puts on a hat with hare ears, jumps:
- I'm a bunny!
Then he puts it on Dima:
- We are bunnies.
The kid tries to imitate - crouches and straightens. Alya will be amused by his actions, he again laughs after him.
But Alex wants to play alone, but Dima hinders.
- Back off!- says the girl, but that the baby is her order. Then she finds a way out. Puts the cubes from the box onto the carpet:
- Collect them in a drawer, like this!- says Alya and puts the first cubes in a box. The kid switches to accessible and understandable for him actions with objects, and Alya calmly plays.
Now we have older children. One - 2 years, and the second - 5 years. Five-year-old Petya places soldiers on the floor, then begins a tank attack. The structure of the soldiers is destroyed. Petya arranges them again. Two-year-old Vasya, watching his brother, grabs a tank and begins to iron them a pile of soldiers with shouts:
- War, war!
- Give it back!- Shouts 5-year-old Petya.
- Vaska broke everything, - he complains to his mother.
If a one-year-old kid is easily distracted, then the 2-year-old already has certain intentions, he does not always obey the wishes of the elder.
But the game can proceed and quite peacefully. Petya is a "doctor", he also offers a 2-year-old Vasya:
- Lecha of little animals!
The senior sample again causes imitations of the toddler with toys, but these actions are already more complex.
Next stage: 3 years and 6 years. A three-year-old child for a 6-year-old is no longer just a hindrance or a nearby creature( sometimes mixing it with his ineptitude), but almost an equal partner in the game. In any case, it is already possible to agree with him.
- You will go to a kindergarten, and I am a teacher, - offers 6-year-old Anya to 3-year-old Igor. Usually the younger is involved in performing a secondary role( instead of a doll).The elder child during the game gives him instructions, explains the meaning of his actions, the game value of the objects( "this is the machine", "here is the house", "this plate will be", etc.).
And the younger child no longer simply grabs the toys, imitating the elder, but formalizes his desires in the speech plan.
Still, the 3-year-old does not keep up with the 6-year-old who is deploying a complex plot of the game. Constant explanations and control over the behavior of the baby begin to irritate and fatigue the older child( "He does everything wrong and does not understand anything").Therefore, the joint story game does not last long.
The main joint activity of preschool children with a large age gap is "play-fuss", exercise games with objects( ball, hoop, etc.), and in pairs 3-6 years - attempts to organize simple games with rules( movableand desktop).
The more gap in the age of children, the more their gaming interests diverge( and of course, of course).
Here, for example, the baby is about 2 years old, and the oldest girl is soon 7. She from time to time with pleasure is engaged with a little: reads to him, shows pictures, teaches to draw, build from cubes. But one prefers to play alone( with puppets), when no one interferes with the development of its plot design - it does not take away toys at the most inopportune moment, does not destroy game buildings.
How should an adult behave towards each child, should children be combined in a joint game( and how) or, on the contrary, should everyone be provided with the opportunity to take on their own, not to interfere with the other? It is better, if the adult will solve both these problems.
Then the children will be able to play together( the gaming experience of the elder will be passed on to the younger one), and in situations where the brother or sister is absent, the child can also occupy himself. This is very important, because often children become so used to each other's society( no matter what they are doing - the story game or just playing with each other, playing with the ball, etc.) that the absence of one of them( especially the older one) turns arounda heavy burden for an adult, in which the child is seeking a temporary replacement for his brother or sister.
So, 2-year-old Vasya in such cases takes mom by the hand and says:
- Let's go play!
"Closing" of children on each other is fraught with negative consequences for their development, especially if they do not attend kindergarten. Children are busy, do not quarrel, and the adult often has the illusion of full well-being. He does not even go into what the children are doing, what is the level of each game( is it appropriate for age).In such situations, moms and dads often do not consider it necessary to join in joint activities with children, communication between children and adults becomes insufficient, which is an important factor in the development of a preschool child.